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Europe

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Nothing to arbitrate

Nothing to arbitrate

A Jewish Morning Journal editorial discusses the issue of Russia not allowing any Jews into the country even with American passports, and Theodore Roosevelt’s suggestion this be taken up in arbitration at the Hague. The author calls Roosevelt a friend of Jewish people, but questions if this is worth pursing since they believe Russia to be unreasonable and uncivilized, other officials have tried and failed to resolve this issue, and if the Hague were to side with Russia then the U.S. would be compelled to accept it without complaint.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1911-10-17

Hands off!

Hands off!

President Roosevelt stands on a “U.S.” battleship and points a “Monroe Doctrine” gun at “Europe,” who reaches for a man sitting on the “Republic of Santo Domingo.” Caption: “This in reality entails no new obligations upon us, for the Monroe Doctrine means precisely such a guarantee on our part.”—President Roosevelt.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1905-03-18

“The American continental policeman.”

“The American continental policeman.”

President Roosevelt stands as a giant wearing the crown of “Imperialism” and wielding “The Big Stick” over diminutive figures representing Colombia (lying on the ground), Brazil, Chile, Venezuela, Mexico, and Paraguay. Roosevelt’s left foot is on the torn and tattered “Constitution of the United States.” In the distance, Spain and others look on.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1904-11-05

Editorial notes by Henry Fairfield Osborn

Editorial notes by Henry Fairfield Osborn

Henry Fairfield Osborn comments on portions of a draft of President Roosevelt’s planned Romanes lecture that he will give when visiting Oxford University after finishing his safari. Osborn corrects some statements that Roosevelt made regarding megafauna and the evolution of animals in North and South America. He also raises some questions about Roosevelt’s statements regarding the development of different races and nationalities.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1908-12-15

Speech delivered by K. Mastukata

Speech delivered by K. Mastukata

Japanese businessman Kōjirō Matsukata addresses honorary commercial commissioners from the United States Pacific Coast. He expresses the admiration and appreciation that Japan has for the United States, and hopes that the friendship between the two nations can continue. In particular, Matsukata hopes that trade relations between the two countries will improve.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1908-11-01

For larger use of silver

For larger use of silver

An article from The New York News Bureau discusses President Roosevelt’s unchanged views on silver coins for the purposes of facilitating more stable international exchange. Detailed are Roosevelt’s formation of a commission that traveled to Europe to confer with other nations on the subject, and related proposals brought to Roosevelt dealing with a reorganization of China’s monetary system.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1908-09-25

Letter from Leonard Wood to Theodore Roosevelt

Letter from Leonard Wood to Theodore Roosevelt

General Wood informs President Roosevelt of his plans after being relieved on February 1, 1908. He intends to take leave and travel as much as possible, attending the Manila Carnival Association in early February and military maneuvers in Europe. Wood believes the Philippines Division is the most important command in the army and is glad that General Tasker Howard Bliss plans to stay another year or two. He hopes that his wife, Louisa Adriana Wood, is able to visit him.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1907-12-13

America’s trade

America’s trade

Andrew Carnegie responds to a recent newspaper story in which George Brinton McClellan Harvey claims that President Roosevelt is extremely popular in Europe because he has “dealt a staggering blow” to American business interests abroad and to financial markets, capital investments, and the railroads at home. Carnegie disagrees with Harvey, saying European investment in the United States has never been higher, and American prosperity has flourished under Roosevelt’s time in office.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1907-06-29

Newspaper clipping in No. 1, August 3, 1906, from Turkey

Newspaper clipping in No. 1, August 3, 1906, from Turkey

The trend of the past twenty-five years can be summed up as “America to the Americans,” and the United States has been particularly driven by the Monroe doctrine in trying to keep European powers out of the Western hemisphere and expanding its own influence. This article questions what the European powers who still hold territory in the Western hemisphere will do in the face of this American expansionism, and how they will respond to the Pan-American movement and convention occurring soon.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1906-08

Letter from Corinne Roosevelt Robinson to John Campbell Greenway

Letter from Corinne Roosevelt Robinson to John Campbell Greenway

Corinne Roosevelt Robinson hopes that someday she can visit John Campbell and Isabella Greenway. She acknowledges the invitation from Greenway, and how pleased her son, Monroe Douglas Robinson, was to be included in the invitation. Robinson discusses her son’s plans to travel to Europe to find a job and her sadness that Greenway was not able to meet Douglas Robinson.

Collection

Arizona Historical Society

Creation Date

1924-03-19

The peace of Europe is assured

The peace of Europe is assured

Alexander III, labeled “Russia,” looks sternly at William II, labeled “Germany,” who returns the glare, as they walk along a pathway away from a statue of “Peace,” a female figure with wings, looking doubtful. Alexander III is accompanied by a diminutive Sadi Carnot labeled “France” who is shaking his fist across the pathway at a diminutive Umberto I, labeled “Italy,” who in turn shakes his fist, and a diminutive Franz Joseph I, labeled “Austria,” who accompany William II.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1893-11-08

Speech of Theodore Roosevelt in Syracuse, New York

Speech of Theodore Roosevelt in Syracuse, New York

Theodore Roosevelt addresses the issue of machine party politics in New York. He touches on the gubernatorial race and various Senators in the state legislature, including Charles Francis Murphy and William Barnes. Roosevelt is campaigning for a non-machine politics candidate, “stalwart of good government, the unflinching fighter for real reform, Frederick M. Davenport.” Roosevelt continues to cover tariffs while mentioning the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act and the Revenue Act of 1913.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1914

A peace dream of Eastertime

A peace dream of Eastertime

A female figure labeled “Europe” sleeps among boxes of “Munitions of War [and] Ammunition,” large shells, and a barrel of “Powder” with a candle labeled “Ambition” as a burning fuse. She is dreaming about “The Czar’s Proposal for a Universal Peace Congress.” Her dream shows an angel holding up a banner labeled “Millennium” around which are dancing the symbolic representations of several countries. Among them are a fox, a turkey wearing a fez, a double-headed eagle labeled “Austria,” a cock labeled “France,” an eagle labeled “Germany,” the British Lion, the Russian Bear labeled “Russia,” a fox labeled “Italy,” a cat labeled “Spain,” and a dragon labeled “China.”

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1899-04-05

The coming conflagration in the European forest

The coming conflagration in the European forest

In a dark forest a group of men labeled “Irish Invincibles, Nihilists, Austrian Socialists, German Artisans, Republicans, Fanatical Irredentists, [and] Black Hand” carry torches or flaming sticks of dynamite and bombs, disturbing the slumber of various forest creatures labeled “France, Austria, Russia, Spain, Greece, Sweden, Germany, [and] Italy” and the British Lion heading for its lair labeled “India, Africa Malta, Canada, [and] Egypt.” A group of businessmen with a firefighter’s water pump labeled “Middle Class Conservatism” are hoping to extinguish the flames.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1883-03-21

Putting his foot down

Putting his foot down

Print shows Uncle Sam holding a “Trade Treaty with China”, standing on a “Map of China” in the midst of foreign rulers labeled “Germany, Italy, England, Austria, Russia [and] France.” Depicted are William II, Umberto I, John Bull, Franz Joseph I sharpening scissors at a grinding stone in the background, Uncle Sam, Nicholas II, and Emile Loubet, each with large scissors, intent on cutting up the map.

Caption: Uncle Sam (to the Powers)–Gentlemen, you may cut up this map as much as you like; but remember that I’m here to stay, and that you can’t divide me up into spheres of influence!

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

The United States abroad

The United States abroad

The American Ambassador stands at the head of a dinner table around which are seated the heads of state of several European countries and China, offering them baked beans and “Ice Water” for dinner. Also cooling in a bucket of ice are bottles of “Root Beer” and “Ginge[r] Ale.” On a tight budget, beans are all he can afford. Caption: American Ambassador (who has to live on his salary) — Let me help you to some more baked beans, Princess. My wife cooked them herself.

Comments and Context

Carl Hassmann’s drawing, at first glance, is of a formal diplomatic dinner, proper and with superficial pleasantries. A closer look reveals that the tablecloth of the American ambassador is patched, the food and drink is lower than common fare, and several people in the dinner party are laughing to themselves or disdaining the social situation.

As president, Theodore Roosevelt had argued for higher compensation for diplomats who represented the United States abroad. At a time when even presidents were obliged to pay for much of their own official entertaining, ambassadors and consuls entertained on their own to a large extent. This fact, as much as the ability of the wealthy to make sizable campaign contributions that were rewarded with diplomatic appointments, influenced the nature of appointments.