Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924

William N. Tilchin examines the foreign policy views of President Theodore Roosevelt and President Harry S. Truman. Tilchin provides an overview of the major crises and decisions faced by both presidents, and he also looks at the administrations between Roosevelt and Truman and how each president approached the practice of diplomacy. Tilchin notes the importance of four Secretaries of State: John Hay and Elihu Root under Roosevelt and George C. Marshall and Dean Acheson under Truman, and he outlines their core beliefs and how they influenced each president. Tilchin concludes by comparing aspects of Roosevelt’s and Truman’s foreign policies and by asserting that each understood the primacy of power in international affairs.

A photograph of Roosevelt on horseback, without an accompanying caption, supplements the text. A listing of the officers of the Theodore Roosevelt Association along with the members of its executive, finance, and Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace committees is found on page two of the essay.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1984

Richard Robbins details Theodore Roosevelt’s visit to Uniontown, Pennsylvania, on his fifty-sixth birthday on October 27, 1914. Robbins explores the political scene that found Roosevelt in western Pennsylvania campaigning for Gifford Pinchot for a U.S. Senate seat on the Progressive ticket. Robbins quotes extensively from the city’s newspapers anticipating Roosevelt’s visit, and examines Roosevelt’s itinerary, the parade in his honor, and his speech.

A photograph of Roosevelt speaking in Uniontown in 1914 and one showing the same site in 1984 accompany the article.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1983-07-03

Three brief reviews make up this edition of the “Book Reviews” section. In “Bat and TR,” Peter R. Fisher looks at Jack DeMattos’s Masterson and Roosevelt which examines the friendship between Bat Masterson, western gunfighter and marshal, and Theodore Roosevelt. John A. Gable notes the publication of a new paperback edition of Roosevelt’s Autobiography in “TR’s Autobiography.” Gable quotes from the introduction written by Elting E. Morison. Gable also reviews Kenneth D. Crews’s Edward S. Corwin and the American Constitution: A Bibliographical Analysis. Gable notes that Corwin was an authority on the Constitution and the presidency and that he was one of the first political scientists to recognize Roosevelt’s changes to the presidency.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1985

Creator(s)

Fisher, Peter R. (Peter Rowe), 1933-1985; Gable, John A.

Frederick W. Marks explores why Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy record is either ignored or dismissed in high school textbooks. Marks examines Roosevelt’s diplomacy, especially his dealings with Latin American nations, to assert that Roosevelt had a record worthy of study and recognition. Marks notes the irony in Roosevelt’s poor treatment at the hands of historians as Roosevelt was an accomplished historian and a president of the American Historical Association. Marks concludes his article by asking why Roosevelt’s record is downplayed, and he argues that Roosevelt’s larger than life personality overshadows his achievements and that the standards for judging diplomatic behavior in 1900 and 1985 are markedly different. 

A photograph of Marks and of the Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site appear in the article.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

The “Book Reviews” section features three separate review essays. In “Wagenknecht’s Many Worlds,” John A. Gable compares Edward Wagenknecht’s American Profile, 1900-1909, a study of American life during Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency, to Wagenknecht’s The Seven Worlds of Theodore Roosevelt. Gable highly recommends both works. In “Presidents and the Press,” Bruce L. Tulgan reviews George Juergens’ News From the White House which examines the relationship that Roosevelt, William H. Taft, and Woodrow Wilson cultivated, or neglected in Taft’s case, with the press. In “Henry Cabot Lodge, Theodore Roosevelt, and American Foreign Policy,” Gable examines William C. Widenor’s Henry Cabot Lodge and the Search for an American Foreign Policy. Gable looks at Lodge’s relationship with Roosevelt, the importance of history to their worldviews, and Lodge’s opposition to the League of Nations.

An illustration of Roosevelt in a dynamic speaking pose accompanies the Tulgan review.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1983

Kenneth D. Crews reviews John Milton Cooper’s dual biography The Warrior and the Priest: Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt. Crews highlights Wilson’s leadership of Princeton University, disagrees with Cooper’s emphasis on the year 1907 as pivotal for both presidents, and looks at their differing philosophies in the 1912 campaign. Crews also believes that Cooper’s characterization of Roosevelt as a warrior and Wilson as a priest is problematic, but he concludes that the book “is essential and excellent reading.”

The review features an excerpt from the book highlighted in bold, italicized text.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1984

Joe F. Decker provides a comprehensive bibliography of the various accounts of Theodore Roosevelt’s attempt to form a volunteer division during World War I. Decker begins with Roosevelt’s own first account in 1917 and concludes with John Milton Cooper’s version in The Warrior and the Priest of 1983. Decker examines books, book chapters, and articles on the subject, and finds that the story still has not been “dealt with satisfactorily.” Decker points out the biases and the shortcomings of some of the authors, and notes that many of the accounts strongly favor either Roosevelt or his antagonist President Woodrow Wilson.

A full page-photograph of Roosevelt and General Leonard Wood accompanies the article. A photograph of Harrison Engle and Sidney D. Kirkpatrick who directed documentary films on Roosevelt is featured, along with three photographs of Roosevelt from newsreel footage used in the film The Indomitable Teddy Roosevelt.

A listing of the officers of the Theodore Roosevelt Association as well as the members of its executive, finance, and Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace committees is on page two of the article.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Gary M. Lavergne provides an introduction to a document written by John Millicent Parker of Louisiana who lobbied President Woodrow Wilson to allow General Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to form a division for service in World War I. Lavergne edited Parker’s recollection and John A. Gable provides an introduction to the article. Parker discusses his relationships with Wilson and Roosevelt and details his May 1917 White House meeting with Wilson. Parker notes the points he raised with Wilson arguing for a command for both Wood and Roosevelt, and he also details Wilson’s rebuttal and his refusal to allow the formation of a division by the two most famous veterans of the Spanish-American War.

A photograph of Parker and Roosevelt onboard a boat in 1915 accompanies the article.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1984

Serge Ricard traces the presence of Theodore Roosevelt in France by surveying the works of French authors and historians and finds that Roosevelt has struggled to gain a large following in France when compared to other American presidents. Ricard lists some of the translations of Roosevelt’s writings, notes the rise of interest in Roosevelt during his presidency, and discusses the long gaps in Roosevelt scholarship produced in France. Ricard also lists six articles he has written about Roosevelt.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1984

Creator(s)

Ricard, Serge

A newsreel documenting a Liberty Loans drive. President Woodrow Wilson and Edith Wilson mingle in a crowd and march in a parade. Theodore Roosevelt speaks enthusiastically from a podium. Cardinal James Gibbons has a conversation with Roosevelt. Mary Pickford shows off a stage prop and speaks onstage through a megaphone. Unknown actors perform a play. Large crowds and city scenes, with many flags and decorations, are shown. Buildings are painted and workers paste up posters.

Collection

Sherman Grinberg Film Collection

Creation Date

1918

Creator(s)

Unknown

Kathleen Dalton explores Theodore Roosevelt’s fascination with war and looks at episodes in his personal life and upbringing that may have led to his preoccupation with war. Dalton says that Roosevelt was greatly affected by the Civil War, especially by war stories from his uncle James Bulloch and from his father’s ties to Union leaders like Abraham Lincoln. She also says that Roosevelt’s need to overcome his childhood asthma and other health problems molded his fighting spirit.

Two pictures of Roosevelt with Leonard Wood are on the third page of the article.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1980

John A. Gable reviews Nathan Miller’s The Roosevelt Chronicles, a history of the Roosevelt family in America. He acknowledges that Miller covers the lives of the well known Roosevelts: Theodore, Franklin, Eleanor, and Alice Longworth, but he believes that the real value of the book comes from its examination of lesser known members of the famous family. Gable looks at four of these figures: Nicholas Roosevelt, a pioneer in steamboats; James Roosevelt Bayley, an important figure in the hierarchy of the Catholic Church; Robert B. Roosevelt, Theodore’s uncle, who was a conservationist; and Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., Theodore’s son, who would earn the Medal of Honor for his actions on D-Day, 1944.

Frederick W. Marks describes the research he undertook for his book Velvet on Iron, and surveys the historiography of Theodore Roosevelt beginning in the 1920s. He argues that there persists a divide between his record as a restrained diplomat and the perception “of him as bellicose and impulsive.

A photograph of Marks accompanies his article.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Obituary of Alice Roosevelt Longworth, the first born and last to die of Theodore Roosevelt’s children. The obituary details her celebrity status during her father’s presidency, her wedding to Congressman Nicholas Longworth, and his career in the House of Representatives. The notice also examines Alice Longworth’s decades long position as a Washington, D.C. power broker and socialite, and it notes her friendship with presidents, journalists, and celebrities. Her work in compiling an anthology of American poetry, her relationship with Eleanor Roosevelt, and her efforts to memorialize her father are also covered. The obituary notes her love of reading, acerbic wit, and sense of humor.

Four photographs accompany the article: the first shows Alice in 1904; the second shows the entire Roosevelt family, Theodore and Edith Roosevelt and all of their children and Alice’s husband, Nicholas Longworth, at the White House; the third shows Alice with her sister Ethel Derby and her brother Archibald Roosevelt at Theodore Roosevelt Island in Washington, D.C.; and the fourth is of Alice late in life.

A listing of the officers of the Theodore Roosevelt Association and the members of its executive, finance, and Theodore Roosevelt birthplace committees is included in the article.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

List of animals donated to the National Zoological Park in Washington, D.C. by Presidents of the United States. Twelve presidents from Grover Cleveland to Richard Nixon are on the list. Between January 1902 and November 1909, Theodore Roosevelt made twenty-seven donations of thirty-eight individual animals and birds, including thirteen opossums, to the zoo.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1980

Creator(s)

Hamlet, Billie

Francis M. Carroll examines Theodore Roosevelt’s opinions on the question of home rule for Ireland during World War I, and demonstrates how John Quinn, a prominent Irish-American, used arguments Roosevelt made in an August 1917 letter to George Russell in his book on the home rule question. Carroll examines the state of Irish-British relations during World War I and looks at Roosevelt’s correspondence with those involved in the home rule issue. The article reprints in side by side columns Roosevelt’s August 1917 letter to George Russell and portions of Quinn’s The Irish Home-Rule Convention, demonstrating that Quinn used much of Roosevelt’s language and arguments in his own work.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1980

Creator(s)

Carroll, Francis M., 1938-

Charles C. Goetsch examines the legal, philosophical, and political dispute between Theodore Roosevelt and Simeon E. Baldwin, a Yale Law School professor, Chief Justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors, and Governor of Connecticut. He details the conservative legal outlook of Baldwin and how this view clashed with the progressive political beliefs of Roosevelt. Goetsch shows how a legal dispute over the constitutionality of the Federal Employers Liability Act extended from the courts to the 1910 election campaign where Roosevelt’s rhetoric prompted Baldwin to consider a libel suit against the former president.

Two pictures, one of Simeon E. Baldwin and the other of Theodore Roosevelt speaking from the platform of a train car, are included in the article.

A listing of the officers and the members of the executive, finance, and Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace committees of the Theodore Roosevelt Association is included in the article as well as an advertisement for the Roosevelt Savings Bank of Garden City, New York.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Frederick W. Marks examines Theodore Roosevelt’s rules for conducting diplomacy, including maintaining a large, capable navy, using force as a last resort, and keeping one’s word. He compares Roosevelt’s conduct of foreign policy to several other presidents and demonstrates how some of them experienced setbacks when they failed to adhere to Roosevelt’s precepts. Marks argues that Roosevelt is deeply admired overseas and that it is only in the United States that he is subject to persistent caricature.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1981

Creator(s)

Marks, Frederick W.

Drawing of the Progressive Party convention in Chicago, June 1916.  

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1981

Creator(s)

Unknown

In this chapter excerpt from his book John Muir and His Legacy: The American Conservation Movement, Stephen Fox examines efforts to expand Yosemite National Park, the battle between preservationists and conservationists over the use of forests, and provides portraits of John Muir, Gifford Pinchot, John Burroughs, and Theodore Roosevelt. He looks at the work undertaken by the conservation movement to preserve Niagara Falls, the redwood forests of California, and Mount Desert Island in Maine. Fox concludes the chapter with a look at the battle over the city of San Francisco’s desire to build a dam at the southern end of Hetch Hetchy valley in Yosemite National Park. In addition to looking at the life and work of Muir, the chapter provides information on many lesser known figures in the turn of the twentieth-century conservation movement.

A listing of the officers and the members of the executive, finance, and Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace committees of the Theodore Roosevelt Association is found on the second page of the excerpt.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1981

Excerpt from Joseph Bucklin Bishop’s Theodore Roosevelt and His Time about the October 1912 assassination attempt on Theodore Roosevelt in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Bucklin covers the shooting, Roosevelt’s speech, his hospitalization, and the motivations of the shooter, John Schrank.

A drawing of Roosevelt’s speech showing the hole made by the assassin’s bullet accompanies the excerpt.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1981