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Wages

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Problems of our modern industrial life

Problems of our modern industrial life

Theodore Roosevelt discusses the problems of the United States’ modern industrial life, detailing the different effects of industrialization on the rural countryside and urban centers. Roosevelt explains how the health of the working class is an indicator of the health of the United States is as a whole. Roosevelt also discusses the role of government in regulating the economy, protecting wage-earners, and acting as a mediator in employee-employer relations.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

Unknown

A puzzling phenomenon

A puzzling phenomenon

Puck, holding a lithographic pen, stands next to a laborer who is reading a notice posted on a wall that states, “‘Reduction in Wages due to the Great Law of Supply and Demand.’ Explanation by Republican Party, under Republican Administration.” Caption: Puck–Doesn’t it ever seem strange to you, my friend, that the eternal and unvarying law of supply and demand should work only for the Republican Party?

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1898-02-02

The Dingley millennium – it has made everybody happy

The Dingley millennium – it has made everybody happy

“Marcus Aurelius Hanna” is at center wearing robes and a top hat with laurel wreath and ribbons labeled “Senatorship 1898,” standing next to a safe labeled “Hanna,” and holding a whip. Four men, two labeled “Boss Bushnell” and “Boss Foraker,” bow down before him on ground labeled “Ohio.” This vignette is captioned “happiness in Ohio” and “Hanna–‘God reigns and the Republican Party still lives.'” Surrounding vignettes show the working classes and merchants suffering the brunt of the “Reduction in Wages,” overcrowding on public transportation, and no customers. Exporters, “Trust Magnets,” and Tammany Hall’s “N.Y. Democratic Club” appear to benefit the most.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1898-02-09

“He laughs best who laughs last”

“He laughs best who laughs last”

A portly laborer carrying a full dinner pail and a “Bank Book” in his coat pocket stands on the roadway with factories spewing smoke in the background. On the left a sign states, “Voluntarily Increased Wages Thanks to Cleveland,” and on the ground a sign states, “Reduced Wages Thanks to McKinley.” On the right a sign states, “High Wages and Steady Employment Under Cleveland,” and on the ground a sign states, “Strikes and Lockouts Under McKinley.” Caption: “The McKinleyites poked lots of fun at me a while ago, ‘cos I voted for Cleveland; but I’m doing the laughing now!”

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1895-05-22

Falling in

Falling in

The end-of-summer resort crowd returns to the city from their vacations at the beach, ready to resume duties or obligations to employers or social and charitable organizations, and ponder next year’s vacation.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1894-09-19

First annual picnic of the “Knights of Labor” – more fun for the spectators than for the performers

First annual picnic of the “Knights of Labor” – more fun for the spectators than for the performers

Print shows Jay Gould, William H. Vanderbilt, Cyrus W. Field, Russell Sage, and John Roach riding in a carriage past a crowd of laborers labeled “Knights of Labor” and “Pittsburg Free Strikers” who are watching a man labeled “Workingman” trying to climb a “Greased” pole carrying a child on his back and with a woman and child hanging from his belt. The pole is greased with “Monopoly Grease,” at the top are “Higher Wages, Bread, Tobacco, Wine, [and] Ham.” The view from the pole shows factories in the middle distance and the “Roach Monopolist Ship Builder” facility in the background.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1882-06-21

The overcrowded raft

The overcrowded raft

Many young women try to find space on a raft labeled “Living Wages” in a stormy sea labeled “Sea of Want” that is infested with sharks labeled “Prostitution” and “Disease.” A ship labeled “The Home” sails away in the background beneath storm clouds labeled “Misfortune.” Caption: While there are more applicants than jobs the working-girls’ grim struggle will continue.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1913-04-09

The base-ball Laocoon

The base-ball Laocoon

Three baseball players are entwined by snakes formed of baseballs labeled “Base Ball Trust.” Each carries a “Contract,” one for $8000, one for $10000, and one for $12000 and also stuffed in his belt papers labeled “Bonds, Stocks, [and] Deed Oran[ge] Farm.” Caption: No class of labor feels the grip of grinding monopoly more than our underpaid, overworked ball-players.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1913-05-14

The goblin will get you if you don’t watch out!

The goblin will get you if you don’t watch out!

An employer and a group of laborers stand outside the entrance to a factory. The employer is directing the laborers’ attention toward a notice posted on the wall that states “Notice to Workers. If the Tariff Bill is Passed, Your Wages will be Cut.” Behind them, coming down the sidewalk, is a large, angry green “goblin” labeled “Redfield” carrying a paper that states “Notice to Employers. Department of Commerce will Investigate all Wage Reductions said to be Necessitated by the New Tariff.”

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1913-06-04

“Beg for it, doggie!”

“Beg for it, doggie!”

An animated letter “K” labeled “Schedule” (Schedule K of the Payne/Aldrich Tariff Act) sits at a table spread with food and wine labeled “Benefits of Protection” and offers a bone labeled “Starvation Wages” to a diminutive man labeled “‘Protected’ Labor.”

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1912-03-13

The two-faced protectionist

The two-faced protectionist

A gigantic, two-faced man, wearing a money-bag crown with “$” around it, sits on a U.S. Custom House on the shore of U.S.A. He is holding up two pieces of paper. One is addressed “To American Working Men” and states “Preserve the high tariff and protect yourselves from the competition of foreign cheap labor. The tariff maintains for you the American standard of living.” The other, addressed “To Foreign Labor,” states “Come over to free America and work. High wages and steady employment. You will make more here in a week than you can there in a month.” Gathered on the shores are American laborers and foreign laborers. Caption: The tariff protects the American worker from competition with foreign cheap labor abroad, but not from competition with foreign cheap labor here at home.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1912-03-13

CCC questionnaire of John H. Hutton

CCC questionnaire of John H. Hutton

John H. Hutton provides short answers to questions about the six months he spent in the Civilian Conservation Corps stationed near Watford City, North Dakota. Hutton does provide the names of supervisors and fellow CCC alumni, but the majority of his answers are fairly limited.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt National Park

Creation Date

1984