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William Singer Barclay responds to Lorenzo Daniels’s request to “map out a tour” for Theodore Roosevelt’s South America trip. Barclay includes information on geography, points of interest, topography, historic sites, distances, wild life, pests, directions, equipment needed, and size of party.
Sagamore Hill National Historic Site
1913-07-19
Article states that Theodore Roosevelt will visit various cities and countries in South America.
Sagamore Hill National Historic Site
1913-10
Article postulates on what Theodore Roosevelt can expect to find on the South American trip where, “the extremes of civilization meet” an “imaginary journey”, following Theodore Roosevelt’s itinerary. Article includes images of 6 photographs on various South American sites and includes a map of the proposed journey.
Sagamore Hill National Historic Site
1913-10-05
Carlos Rockefeller indicates that the American Rockefeller has millions but the Argentinean Rockefeller has sick children. He offers best wishes to Theodore Roosevelt on his journey.
Sagamore Hill National Historic Site
1913-10-05
Diary entries describes Bahia, Rio de Janiero, Theodore Roosevelt and the President da Fonseca, Guanabara Palace, Mount Sugar Loaf, Corcovado, Tijuca, and Sao Paulo.
Sagamore Hill National Historic Site
1913-10-17
D. S. Iglehart, Director and Vice President of W. R. Grace and Co., describes the firm’s South American business, offers assistance and itinerary advice, and how he would like to meet with Theodore Roosevelt. Excerpt.
Sagamore Hill National Historic Site
1913-10-22
Article from an unknown source reports of Theodore Roosevelt’s visit to South America.
Sagamore Hill National Historic Site
1913-10-23
A ship lies at a loading dock in Cuba or South America where they are shipping their revolutions, with scenery, military equipment, and personnel, to Coney Island. There is organization and composure in the boarding of the ship as revolutionaries and soldiers await their turns.
This complicated cartoon by Carl Hassmann, full of private encounters and visual humor amidst the hubbub, asks a question that, in an America now used to theme parks, almost seems logical. The idea to not solve each new territory’s social or economic challenges, but to allow Americans to acquaint themselves with the cultures of the new American possessions — was maybe before its time.
Uncle Sam, as a large rooster, stands among several small free-ranging chicks labeled “Argentine Republic, Guatemala, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Bolivia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Salvador, Peru, [and] Hayti [sic].” Confined to a “European Coop” labeled “Monroe Doctrine” are five roosters labeled “Russia, England, France, Germany, [and] Italy.” Caption: Europe — You’re not the only rooster in South America! Uncle Sam — I was aware of that when I cooped you up!
The ancient Monroe Doctrine was articulated in 1823, in President James Monroe’s Annual Message. Actually formulated and written by Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, it warned world powers to cease imperialist meddling in the Western hemisphere, while promising no interference from the United States in existing European colonies. President Roosevelt, in his own Annual Message of 1904, added teeth in what came to be called the “Roosevelt Corollary To the Monroe Doctrine.” Fresh on the heels of Great Britain and Germany attempting to collect debts from Venezuela by military threats, Roosevelt asserted that when necessary, the United States would act as a stern middleman, for instance, forcing South American countries to live up to international obligations, but it would not allow foreign powers to seek colonial advantages in such disputes.
Columbia welcomes a woman labeled “South America” to the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs
1901-05-08
Columbia and another woman, representing South America, ride side-saddle on a buffalo to the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs
1901-05-08
Wilhelm II, Emperor of Germany, sits in a throne, sword across his lap, and reads by candlelight papers labeled “Plans for German colonization in South America.” The ghost of Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico, looms above him as “a hint from history.” On the floor are scattered papers labeled “South American mortgages” and “South American investments.”
By the time that Germany became a unified country in 1871, and in subsequent decades, most of the world had been figuratively carved up by European colonial powers. Germany’s imperial dreams were confined to southeast Africa, meddling in China (so late as to offend other Colonial powers and adding to the opposition manifested in the Chinese Boxer Rebellion), and joining the French, Spanish, and English participation in Mexico. Those nations saw a weak and fractious land in the New World as ripe for plunder — a type of adventurism that Theodore Roosevelt later forestalled in his Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. France invited Maximilian, its Austrian ally (of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine; in turn an ally of the Bavarian court) to serve as Emperor of Mexico. The Europeans’ plans to establish a foothold in the Americas failed under the inept Maximilian, whose three-year reign ended with his execution in 1867. Keppler’s cartoon shows the shade of Maximilian and his failures warning the Kaiser against South American colonial ambitions.
President Roosevelt is shown handing a notice to arbitrate to Uncle Sam. Caption: Uncle Sam – Certainly, arbitrate for the South Americans, Mr. President, only don’t agree to any “guarantees” of debt by the U.S. for these infant and turbulent republics.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1902-12-22
President Roosevelt is seen frantically looking at the claims of allies, international law, and various foreign language dictionaries as various countries clamor in more demands from doors, windows, and walls.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1902-12-23
President Roosevelt introduces Edwin Emerson, a former Rough Rider who has observed affairs in several South American republics. Emerson has information on the situation at the Isthmus of Panama.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1902-10-23
Theodore Roosevelt would like to tell John Burroughs about some of the things he saw in South America and would like to know when Burroughs will next be in the New York area.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1914-07-02
Theodore Roosevelt inquires about Ruth Moore Lee’s health, and tells about Kermit Roosevelt’s railroad work in South America. Roosevelt also explains his move from the Republican Party to the Progressive Party during the 1912 Presidential campaign and details issues in the party platform. Although Roosevelt expects that Wilson will win, he is happy because of his strong belief in the Progressive movement, his hope that it is the beginning of a new movement that will lead American democracy away from materialism, and his admiration for his colleagues such as Hiram Johnson.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1912-08-14
Theodore Roosevelt expresses hesitation about advising his son, Kermit, to take the South American railroad position offered by an old friend, Leigh S. J. Hunt. Roosevelt explains to Elon Huntington Hooker that, although he believes this venture will prove itself a failure and that Kermit moving to South America would remove him from Hooker’s service, taking the job would also show the same kind of initiative Hooker showed a dozen years prior.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1912-06-11
Theodore Roosevelt confirms with Leigh S. J. Hunt plans for Kermit Roosevelt to work for Hunt’s South American railroading venture. Roosevelt asks Hunt if a month is enough time for Hunt to arrange Kermit’s employment with either Farquhar or Egan and if Roosevelt should write them himself. Roosevelt expresses delight over the Hunt family’s recent visit to Sagamore Hill.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1912-06-11
Theodore Roosevelt’s secretary informs J. P. Santamarina that while Roosevelt hopes for good cooperation in business and politics between the United States and South America, he has no comments at the present on the subject.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1912-06-07