In an essay written shortly before his death in October 2002, historian Stephen E. Ambrose compares and contrasts Thomas Jefferson and Theodore Roosevelt, and he discusses the most important issues faced by each president as well as the lasting legacies of each. Ambrose highlights Jefferson’s writing of the Declaration of Independence, his promotion of religious toleration, and his expansion of the nation, and he asserts that Jefferson failed to adequately deal with the problem of slavery and the treatment of Native Americans. Ambrose writes that Roosevelt made his mark foremost with conservation, but that he also dealt with the need to reform the military and the inequalities brought about by industrialization. Ambrose notes that Roosevelt, more than any other president, made a distinction between right and wrong.
Photographs of Mount Rushmore National Memorial, Ambrose, and Roosevelt supplement the text.