Presidents--Assassination

Page 1: – “Skies Joined in a Nation’s Grief” – Article about the funeral at the Milburn house (cont. on page 7) – “President Roosevelt’s Career” – Timeline of Roosevelt’s life – “Thursday Will Be a Day of Humiliation and Prayer Throughout the Land” – Plans for ceremonies in Washington, D.C., and the time of McKinley’s burial in Canton – “President’s Remains to be Removed to Washington Today” – Plans to transport McKinley’s body from Buffalo to Washington – “Roosevelt Will Retain Cortelyou” – Story that Cortelyou would be Roosevelt’s private secretary and information about what Roosevelt did the previous evening – “Mr. Hay and Gage are in Washington” – Why the two Cabinet Secretaries stayed in Washington – “Thousands Wept at a Martyr’s Bier” – Article about the public viewing of McKinley’s body at Buffalo City Hall – “Roosevelt’s Cabinet Forecasted” – Speculated list of Roosevelt’s Cabinet

Page 2: – “Sad Event of Week Will Not Cause Market Panic” by Philip King

Page 4: – Short editorial statements about McKinley’s death and Theodore Roosevelt

Page 6: – “Pulpit Utterances on Assassination” – Excerpts from various local churches

Page 1: – “Washington Ceremonies Arranged” – Details on the preparations – “Confidence of Stock Market in Roosevelt” – “Czolgosz Hearing Before Grand Jury” – Limited information about how the hearing went – “Funeral Train on Way to Washington Met at Every Town with Tearful Men and Sobbing Women” – Reports on the response as the train passed through towns as written by a reporter on the train (cont. on page 10) – “Czolgosz Not at Headquarters”

Page 6: – “Services Simple and Impressive Over the Bier of M’Kinley” – Report of the services held at the Milburn House including a list of each person in attendance – “Thousands Saw Dead Ruler’s Body Lying in State” – Article about public viewing of McKinley’s body at Buffalo’s City Hall

Page 8: – “Death Records Tell the Cause” – Text of McKinley’s death certificate and information on obtaining a transportation permit for the body – “Programme of Week at Exposition” – Information on events to take place at the Pan Am including Lumberman’s week, the cattle show, fireworks and military reviews

Page 9: – “Officials Who Were at Funeral” – List of foreign officials from the Pan Am that attended the funeral at the Milburn house – “Services at the Exposition of Condolence” – Proposed service at the Pan Am in the Stadium – “New Jersey Falls in October” – Rescheduled date for New Jersey Day – “Souvenir Fiends at City Hall” – People trying to take pieces of the plants near McKinley’s casket – “Great Crowds on the Streets” – Crowd control during the public viewing at City Hall – “Indians View President’s Remains”

Page 1: – Black and white photographs captioned as: The President Addressing the Throng at the Exposition on “President’s Day,” September 5th; The Latest Portrait of the President [McKinley driving to the Temple of Music on September 6]; President’s Day at the Exposition: The President (at Extreme Left) and a Part of His Audience in the Esplanade; The Military Review in the Stadium – “Souvenir Pictures of the President” – Article giving a context for the photos – “A Man of Good Cheer” – Stories about McKinley’s humor and good nature (cont. on page 8)

Page 2: – Black and white photographs captioned: Men Who Worked to Help the President Back to Health: Six of the Attending Physicians, and the President’s Private Secretary [portrait photos]; Mrs. McKinley Listening to the President; The Stricken President: Tents for Military Guard and Reporters, Opposite Milburn Residence; The President, Mrs. McKinley and Mr. Milburn Driving Through the Exposition Grounds, Sept. 5th; President McKinley’s Residence, Canton O.; View on President McKinley’s Farm – “To Guard Our Rulers” – Interview with Jacques Griscelli, guard of Napoleon III – “Esteem for McKinley” – Regard for McKinley in Washington, D.C.

Page 3: – Black and white photographs captioned: Wm. McKinley as 2nd Lieutenant; Old Sparrow House, Poland, O., Where Mr. McKinley Enlisted; William McKinley’s Birthplace at Niles, O., Torn Down in 1895; Schoolhouse Near Poland, O., Where Mr. McKinley Taught; Seminary at Poland, O., Attended by McKinley: Now Torn Down – “In McKinley’s Youth” – McKinley’s early years in Ohio – “Stories of Celebrities” – Anecdotes about President Hayes and Admiral Dewey

Page 4; – Black and white photographs captioned: The President, the Best Portrait of Him Ever Made; Shaking Hands with the President [outside the Government Building on September 5]; The President and Party in the Govt. Building at the Exposition the Day Before He Was Shot; Where the President Was Shot Down in the Temple of Music [including numbers where McKinley and Czolgosz were standing]; The Wounded President Being Taken into the Exposition Hospital, Sept. 6th – “Shooting at Jackson” by Milton T. Adkins – Story of attempted assassination of Andrew Jackson in 1836

Page 1: – Large black and white portrait photograph of Theodore Roosevelt with caption: Our New President, Theodore Roosevelt – “The Funeral on Wednesday” – Funeral arrangements for McKinley’s funeral in Washington, D.C. – “Secy. Hay’s Note to Foreign Representatives” – Text of John Hay’s note about McKinley’s death – “Representative of King May Attend Funeral” – Reports from England – “The Post of Honor to the Grand Army Legion” – Arrangements being made at the Capitol and White House – “Acting Secretary Hackett’s Order” – Notice of McKinley’s death to the men in the navy and army by Acting Secretary of the Navy, F. W. Hackett – “Brief Funeral Services on Wednesday Morning” – Services to be held in Washington, D.C. – “President’s Proclamation” – Text of Theodore Roosevelt’s proclamation – “Pauncefote’s Telegram” – Text of telegram from Lord Pauncefote of England – “Archbishop of Canterbury” – Condolences on McKinley’s death – “All Business Suspended” – Response in Santiago de Cuba – “President’s Family” – Progress of Roosevelt’s family to Oyster Bay – “M’Kinley’s Home is Heavily Draped in Black” – From Canton, Ohio – “Mayor of Rochester, Eng. to Rochester, NY” – Message expressing condolences – “Governor Stone Sends Telegram to Roosevelt” – Message from the governor of Pennsylvania – “Governor’s Proclamation” – Text of proclamation by New York State Governor R. B. Odell Jr. – “Hon. David B. Hill’s High Tribute to the Dead” – Statement by former Senator from New York – “Late President’s Insurance” – Info on McKinley’s life insurance policies – “Business Will Cease” – In Niagara Falls, New York

Page 2: – Three black and white photographs – two of Theodore Roosevelt [captions: Theodore Roosevelt as Lieutenant Colonel of the Rough Riders; Theodore Roosevelt as He Appeared When Police Commissioner of New York City] and one of “Miss Alice Roosevelt” – “Marine Circles Were Much Affected by Sad News” – Flags at half staff on shipping vessels – “Emma Goldman Threatened by a Chicago Mob” – “King Edward Sends Message of Sorrow to Choate” – “Governor Odell Voices an Expression” – Statement by New York State governor – “Secretary Gage’s Tribute” – “Tammany Leader’s Tribute to M’Kinley”

Page 3: – Editorials about Theodore Roosevelt as president, presidential security, and anarchism

Page 4: – Articles about the reaction to McKinley’s death in various Western New York communities including Silver Creek, Jamestown, and Dunkirk

Page 1: Banner Headline: President M’Kinley is Dead –/His Soul Freed at 2.15 O’clock – Full page article with all the details of McKinley’s last day and his death – includes subcategories entitled: Sad Day Begins, Hopeful Results, The Collapse, Friends Summoned, Salt and Oxygen, News from the House, Hanna’s Fast Ride, Lieut. McKinley Calls, Specialists Summoned, His Former Pastor, Abner McKinley Shaken, Summoning Roosevelt, Yates and Harrison, After a Consultation, Still Conscious, Secretary Root Arrives, Col. Brown’s News, False Alarm (cont. on page 2)

Page 2: – “Official Bulletins” – Text of bulletins put out by George B. Cortelyou – “Prematurely Stated” – Instances when news of McKinley’s death was spread before McKinley had actually died – “Crowds Were Quiet” – Reactions of people that had gathered on Main Street in Buffalo – “Grief in Washington” – Short article on the question of succession and supposes that the entire Cabinet will resign – “New York Clearinghouse” – Reaction of leaders of the stock exchange

Page 3: – “William M’Kinley” – Biography of McKinley – “When Bryan Heard the News” – William Jennings Bryan’s reaction

Page 4: – “Where is Czolgosz?” – Detailed account of the crowd control attempted by the Buffalo police around the jail where Czolgosz may or may not have been – “Saylin’s Silence” – reaction of Dr. Saylin – “Goldman’s Face Immobile” – reaction of Emma Goldman – “Investigating Goldman” – investigation in Cleveland, Ohio – “Mr. Penney’s Evidence” – short article about the investigation – “Anarchists Will be Held” – in Chicago, Illinois – “Talk of Lynching” – in Chicago – “Nowak Came Too Late” – Story about Walter Nowak who claimed that he knew Czolgosz and could have prevented McKinley’s assaassination – “First in the Line” – Text of letter written by Dr. Clinton Colegrove, the first man in the line to meet McKinley at the Temple of Music, suggestion that the Temple be left as a monument to McKinley

Page 1: Banner headline: M’Kinley is Dead!/Roosevelt is Hurrying to City – Black and white portrait of McKinley, framed in black. Caption: William McKinley/The Third Martyred President – “Anxious Hours at the Milburn Home” – Detailed account of McKinley’s last day (cont. on pages 2 & 5) – “Mrs. M’Kinley in a Serious Way” – Speculation that Mrs. McKinley is in critical condition – “Bulletins of Night Tell Story of the Death of President” – Official bulletins from 6:20 p.m. to 2:55 a.m. (cont. on page 5)

Page 2: Banner headline: His Pulse Beats Cease but Heary Pulsates for Hours and Life Remains – “Chicago Case is Put Off” – Case against anarchists – “M’Kinley Dead was Wired Too Soon” – “Reduced Attendance” – Daily figures for each gate from the Pan Am

Page 3: Banner headline: M’Kinley Death Means Roosevelt/Is President of the United States – “Roosevelt’s Career One of Strenuous Action” – Biography of Theodore Roosevelt [photograph of Theodore Roosevelt and his family] – “Lunatic Would Kill Roosevelt” – Article about arrest of man in New York City that threatened to kill Roosevelt – “Pastor’s Tribute to the President” – choir service at Grace M. E. Church to include “Lead, Kindly Light” – “Central Railway Club Adopts Resolution” – Central Railway condemns shooting of McKinley and calls on government to take action to prevent future assassinations – “Some of the Midway Shows Were Closed” – Midway shows closed after premature reports of McKinley’s death – “Roosevelt Is Rushing from the Adirondacks” – details of Theodore Roosevelt’s journey to Buffalo [portrait photograph of Theodore Roosevelt] – “Local Friends of Goldman Found?” – Details of Emma Goldman’s visit to the Pan Am – “Cleveland Hears of the Bad News” – Comments of Grover Cleveland on McKinley’s death – “Another Romance” – Story of a couple that broke up years ago, met again at the Pan Am and were then married

Page 4: Banner headline: President M’Kinley’s Life Grand Successful/Both As a Man and as a Sound Statesman – “Detailed Events in the Life of Wm. M’Kinley From Birth to His Election as President” [Drawing of “Harrison Grey Otis and Newspaper Men at Milburn Home] – “Mrs. M’Kinley Her Husband’s Solace” – Article about the McKinley marriage – “Capt. Wisser’s Report on the Actions of His Men” – Account of events surrounding the shooting of McKinley – “Statements of Dr. M’Burney on His Arrival” – Remarks of doctor as he arrived at the Milburn House on September 13 – “Reports of Death Causes Excitement” – Short article on the reaction to McKinley’s death at the New York Central depot.

Page 1: Banner headline: Documentary Evidence Conclusively Proves Plot – “Assassination is Free Society’s Avowed Purpose” – about Leon Czolgosz’s association with the Free Society (cont. on page 3) – “Bulletins of the Night/Bulletins of the Day” – bulletins on McKinley’s condition – “Detective Goes for Goldman” – Information about the proposed extradition of Emma Goldman [note: this never actually occurred and there was never any solid evidence of her involvement] – “Another Good Day for the President” – lengthy article about the President’s improving condition (cont. on page 5)

Page 3: – “Emma Goldman Remanded to Jail Until Sept. 19th” – “Change of Date Splits Florida’s Day In Two” – information about the changes for Florida Day at the Pan-American Exposition

Page 4: – “Prisoner is Now Refusing to Eat” – “Czolgosz Has Told Much But He Might Tell More” – Accounts of conversation with Czolgosz [Senators Hanna and Fairbanks Approaching Milburn House] – “President’s Life Still Threatened” – Reports of threats from anarchists that if McKinley recovered, they would try again to kill him – “Getting Words of Speech” – Police in Cleveland were getting affidavits from people who heard Emma Goldman speak – “Miss Morris, A Nurse, Tells of First Operation” – Student nurse at the Pan Am emergency hospital when McKinley was shot – “Big Jubilee on Sept. 21st” – Jubilee Day planned at the Pan Am to celebrate McKinley’s recovery

Page 5: – “English Anarchists Plotted” – Plot to assassinate Chamberlain in England – “Goldman Arrest a State Affair” – information about the investigation into Goldman on a federal level – “Efforts to Gain Freedom of Reds” – Court action to free the anarchists arrested after McKinley’s shooting – “Hesitancy of Czolgosz Saved Mr. Milburn’s Life” – Story about how Czolgosz intended to shoot McKinley on September 5

Page 1: Banner headline: M’Kinley is Improving – Black and white portrait photograph of William McKinley and mug shot of Leon Czolgosz – “Hoping But Still Fearing!” – Optimistic report of McKinley’s condition – “Alleged Leader of Anarchists Under Arrest” – Arrest of Alfonso Stutz who stayed at the same hotel as Czolgosz (cont. on page 3) – “Children’s Prayers for the President” – New York City school board recommends starting the next day’s classes with prayers for McKinley – “President McKinley’s Condition is Quite Encouraging This Morning” – Text of official bulletins – “Sign From God He Will Let Brother Live” – McKinley’s brother and sister-in-law see rainbow as a good omen shortly after hearing of the shooting – “Assassin Closely Guarded” – Short report of Czolgosz’s day in jail – “Milburn Home Center of World-Wide Interest” – Scene at the house (cont. on page 3) – “A New Law Against Anarchists” – Proposed law by governor of New Jersey

Page 2: – Short editorials including about McKinley’s shooting and anarchism – “Stock Market Upset by Bullet of Assassin”

Page 3: – “Assault on M’Kinley was Feared Many Hours Before It Occurred” – Statement by Secretary Wilson about a bad feeling that he and George Cortelyou had – “Horrible Crime Deeply Deplored” – Resolutions adopted by the commissioners of the Pan-American Exposition – “Attendance at the Exposition” – Daily attendance for Rochester Day – “President Did Not Say ‘May God Forgive Him.'” – Witness statements about the exact events and statements immediately after the shooting

Page 4: – “Thought of Shooting M’Kinley at G.A.R. Encampment!” – Detailed account of Czolgosz’s statements to the police, the police investigation, and where Czolgosz is being held – “Big Jim Parker Says He Saved the President From Death” – Statement by Parker about his participation in the events after the shooting of McKinley – “Shadow Over Exposition” – Mood at the Pan Am – “Florida’s Day of Delight” – Article about events planned for Florida Day at the Pan Am (Sept. 12)

Headline declares that President William McKinley’s wound is very serious after he was shot by an assassin.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1901-09-07

Headline reports, “President Roosevelt announces his policy and issues a proclamation.” The proclamation declared a day of mourning in honor of President McKinley.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1901-09-15

The figure of Puck, the magazine’s mascot, points at two men and tugs at the robe of Justice, who is raising the blindfold from over her eyes and giving the men a stern look. One is a ruffian holding a bomb and a red flag labeled “Anarchy.” The other is a well-dressed editor or journalist holding a yellow flag labeled “Yellow Journalism” and newspaper sheets labeled “Incendiary editorials ‘The president is the creature of the Trusts'” and “Assassination is the only remedy,” and he carries a satchel with sheets labeled “Seditious Editorials.” The ground is strewn with newspaper sheets covered with quotes that condemn President McKinley. Caption: Puck. — Don’t forget that they are two of a kind – equally responsible for the death of our President!

comments and context

Comments and Context

There are two foundation-stones of this cartoon, which was published shortly after the death of President William McKinley at an assassin’s hands. The first is that the murderer, Leon F. Czolgosz, was an avowed anarchist and follower of the violence-advocate Emma Goldman. The second is an indictment of the sensationalist press, although the malignant figure resembles neither William Randolph Hearst nor Joseph Pulitzer, the two most prominent of such publishers (New York Journal and World, respectively)… and the usual whipping-boys of cartoonists. Shortly before the assassination, the Hearst papers ran a poem (anonymous, but reportedly by Ambrose Bierce) and referring to the recently murdered governor of Kentucky: “The bullet that pierced Goebel’s chest / Cannot be found in all the West. Good reason; / It is speeding here To stretch McKinley in his bier.”

Brochure from the Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site in Buffalo, New York. Roosevelt took the oath of office in the house of Ansley Wilcox after the assassination of President McKinley.

Collection

Dickinson State University

Creation Date

Unknown

Caroline W. Chaffee informs Ida Saxton McKinley that months ago she received information that suggested that her husband, President William McKinley, was in danger. She regrets not bringing the matter to his attention before he was killed. She intends to speak with President Roosevelt about what she knows, but would also like to meet with McKinley if she desires.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-11-16

President Roosevelt speaks to the people of the United States on the occasion of President William McKinley’s assassination and proclaims a day of mourning. This handwritten draft of Roosevelt’s proclamation includes several edits.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-09-14

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

Mrs. A. Opley reported a conversation with a peddler who advocated for the assassination of the president in 1900. A handwritten note refers this information to Secret Service Chief John E. Wilkie.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-09-19

Creator(s)

Presidential Office Staff

John B. Aglein is of the opinion that if ex-President William McKinley had been guarded by army men who had experience on the western frontier, no one could have approached him with a concealed weapon.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-09-24

James Mills Peirce expresses his sympathy that President Roosevelt succeeded to the presidency under such difficult circumstances. He wishes for the success of the Roosevelt administration.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-09-15

Brief biographies of William McKinley and President Roosevelt that highlight their military service.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-09-21

Maxwell H. Maxwell expresses his sympathy at the death of William McKinley and congratulates President Roosevelt on his succession to the presidency. He regrets that James Dunwody Bulloch, his father-in-law and Roosevelt’s uncle, did not live to see Roosevelt become president. Maxwell hopes to visit the United States and shake the hand of the president.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-09-18

Chester Alan Arthur expresses his sympathy at the death of William McKinley and President Roosevelt’s succession to the presidency. Arthur has an understanding of the situation as he was constantly with his father, Chester Alan Arthur, when he succeeded to the presidency after the assassination of James A. Garfield. He believes this difficult time shortened his father’s life. The Arthur family send their best wishes to the Roosevelt administration.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-09-21