Indians of North America | - Theodore Roosevelt Center

“Let us have peace”

President Grover Cleveland and British Prime Minister Robert Cecil, Lord Salisbury, are dressed as Native Americans, smoking peace pipes filled with “Common Sense Tobacco.” Sitting with Cleveland, also dressed as natives, are Richard Olney, Robert R. Hitt, Charles A. Boutelle, Nelson Dingley, George Frisbie Hoar, William E. Chandler, John T. Morgan, and Henry Cabot Lodge. Sitting with Salisbury are Joseph Chamberlain, Arthur James Balfour, George Joachim Goschen, and the Duke of Devonshire, Spencer Compton Cavendish. In the foreground is a hatchet in a hole, to be buried, possibly over the Venezuela boundary dispute.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1896-01-22

Creator(s)

Taylor, Charles Jay, 1855-1929

Puck’s political weather forecast for Fourteenth Street and vicinity

The angry countenance of Father Knickerbocker looks down from storm clouds on a flood that has broken up “Tammany Hall” with the Tammany Tiger sitting on a partial building labeled “Tammany” and a group of Natives sitting on a ladder resting against the other half of the building labeled “Hall.” Other Natives are treading water. A bolt of lightning is labeled “Popular Condemnation.” Among those depicted as Natives are Richard Croker, Roswell P. Flower, William B. Cockran, James J. Martin, and Hugh J. Grant. Also shown are Charles A. Dana, Edward Murphy Jr., and George B. McClellan, and the top hat of John J. Scannell.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1894-05-09

Creator(s)

Dalrymple, Louis, 1866-1905

Speech of President Roosevelt to businessmen of Cincinnati, Ohio

President Roosevelt speaks to Cincinnati businessmen at a meeting in the Cincinnati Music Hall during a festival. He recalls the memory of President William McKinley, who came from Ohio, and notes the connections the city and state have to American history. Roosevelt congratulates the city on its prosperity, which he credits to “the intellectual and moral fiber of the men and women back of it.” He highlights the need for continued improvements along the Ohio River, as well as the benefits the city will receive from the Panama Canal when completed, explaining that “the whole country if benefited by whatever benefits one part.” Roosevelt argues that, just as military tactics and arms change over time but the soldiering spirit remains, so too will legal and economic realities change but the need for citizens of honesty, courage, and common sense remain.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1902-09-20

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

Last ghost-dance of the free silver tribe – just before being sent to the Salt River Reservation

An encampment of the Democrat/Populist presidential candidate and his followers dances around a campfire labeled “Repudiation.” Depicted are, from left, “Peffer, Jerry Simpson, Teller, Vest, Watson, Bryan, Sewall, Sen. J. P. Jones, Jones, Altgeld, Bland, [and] Stewart.”

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1896-11-04

Creator(s)

Dalrymple, Louis, 1866-1905

The Indian medicine show

Theodore Roosevelt, as an Indian medicine man, beats a drum labeled “The New Nationalism” while standing in a cart with “Publisher Howland” and “Editor Abbott” who are selling bottles of “Outlook Tonic” hailed as “Nature’s Remedy for All Ailments.” On Roosevelt’s chest is the head of an elephant. Caption: The populace is privileged to step up and buy at any time.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1910-11-02

Creator(s)

Glackens, L. M. (Louis M.), 1866-1933

The great white weigh

A Dutchman holds with his left hand balance scales on which are pelts and a weight. He is supporting the side of the scales with the pelts with his left foot and is holding the other side of the scales with his right hand in order to cheat the Native of the proper value for his pelts. Caption: As it was in New Amsterdam.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1910-06-08

Creator(s)

Crawford, Will, 1869-1944

The great spirit

A native man sits before a small fire in a wilderness setting, holding a long pipe, and with a red-striped blanket over his shoulders. He is looking back, with trepidation, over his right shoulder at a small airplane approaching (or encroaching) from the left.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1914-04-18

Creator(s)

Keppler, Udo J., 1872-1956

The sale of Manhattan (price not mentioned) – a continuous performance

A modern version of the sale of Manhattan Island is being acted by unidentified legislators masquerading as Natives and New York businessmen. Among some familiar faces are James S. Schoolcraft representing the Natives, and lurking in the background of businessmen is John D. Rockefeller. Caption: Respectfully submitted to the Float Committee of the Hudson-Fulton Celebration.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1909-08-25

Creator(s)

Keppler, Udo J., 1872-1956

Christmas marketing before the days of “the high cost of living”

A colonist barters with Natives outside a stockade in the winter. He is offering them a small piece of brightly colored cloth and a clay pipe in exchange for game including deer, turkey, fish, and ducks or geese.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1913-12-03

Creator(s)

Unknown

Memories

An elderly Native man stands with his horse on the plains with a buffalo skull on the ground before them.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1913-10-08

Creator(s)

Unknown

Judge’s Valentines

An artist paints Valentine’s Day cards featuring politicians, including a card featuring Theodore Roosevelt dressed as a Native American.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site

Creation Date

1906

Creator(s)

Zimmerman, Eugene, 1862-1935

The Northwest Territory; Ohio, 1787-1790

Handwritten draft of chapter six from the “St. Clair and Wayne” section of The Winning of the West.

Collection

Harvard College Library

Creation Date

1894

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

The fight for the water-hole

A group of Native Americans on horseback, including “Dixon, Teddy, Perkins, [and] Pinchot,” circle a water hole labeled “The Presidency,” which is being guarded by two men labeled “Taft” and “Brother Charlie.”

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1912-04-17

Creator(s)

Keppler, Udo J., 1872-1956

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Anna Roosevelt Cowles

Theodore Roosevelt writes to Anna Roosevelt Cowles that he enjoyed William Sheffield Cowles Jr.’s recent visit. Roosevelt explains that they have secured permission to build a new road on their property and describes the redevelopment to accommodate motor vehicles. Roosevelt is amused by the effect of their newfound mobility on Ethel Roosevelt, Kermit Roosevelt, and their friends; they visit friends who live farther away and these guests reciprocate by visiting the Roosevelts’ home too. Roosevelt explains that he is glad they did not have a car before this summer, because he would rather not socialize so much. He updates Anna on the academic interests and college plans of Archibald Roosevelt. Archie and Quentin Roosevelt have taken to playing tennis together, which makes Roosevelt happy, and Quentin also plays baseball with James the butler. Roosevelt speaks very highly of the staff and servants of the house and stable, who are black, and the gardeners and the chauffeur, who are “native Americans.” Roosevelt hopes Anna can visit in the fall or spring and is glad he was able to visit her the past spring. He tells her that the Emlen Roosevelts have had a difficult time because of Aunt Lizzie (Elizabeth Emlen Roosevelt), who is feeble and suffering from mental illness. However, Edith just spent time with Aunt Lizzie and enjoyed it.

Collection

Harvard College Library

Creation Date

1911-07-28

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

A long fight

The author draws parallels between the actions of the United States against the Native Americans and its actions in the Philippines.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1902-05-06

Creator(s)

Laffan, William M.

Warner Ranch Commission report

An excerpt from the Warner Ranch Commission on Indians.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1902-05-27

Creator(s)

Unknown

Letter from Hamlin Garland to Theodore Roosevelt

Hamlin Garland reports that Frank Mead has been to visit with him and he is pleased with Mead’s progress in dealing with Native Americans. Garland plans to help Mead in any way he can.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1904-01-22

Creator(s)

Garland, Hamlin, 1860-1940

Letter from Charles J. Bonaparte to Theodore Roosevelt

Charles J. Bonaparte writes to President Roosevelt in receipt of his invitation to meet with him, William Loeb, and John Carter Rose at the White House. Bonaparte relays that he will attend a court case overseen by Judge Morris. Bonaparte also discusses a brief he prepared regarding Native American children who attend religious schools. Bonaparte relays that he asked Eugene A. Philbin about developments concerning this brief.