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Exile (Punishment)

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Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to George Frisbie Hoar

President Roosevelt offers Senator Hoar an update on the situation in the Philippines. Governor General William H. Taft and Secretary of War Elihu Root are against political figure Apolinario Mabini returning to the Philippines where he can only be a burden and “center of all the plotting by the irreconcilable.” Roosevelt finds Mabini’s excuse for not taking the oath as “trifling and disingenuous” and will not grant an exception for fear of further agitation. There are troubles ahead in the Philippines, and American officials should not be hampered in their important work. However, Roosevelt is impressed with Hoar’s desire to do what is wise and good, and will continue to consult with Taft and with Vice Governor Luke E. Wright in order to determine the earliest moment that Mabini’s return will not threaten the safety of the islands.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1902-12-23

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to George Frisbie Hoar

President Roosevelt writes to Senator Hoar to deny that Apolinario Mabini, as well as other former prisoners of the Philippine War, are confined on Guam. As part of the amnesty proclamation, the oath of allegiance is required to reenter the Philippines.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1903-01-23

Letter from Charles Stewart To Lincoln Steffens

In writing, but not for publication, Charles Stewart presents the facts of his brother Colonel William F. Stewart, to journalist Lincoln Steffens. On October 2, 1907, Colonel Stewart received orders to relinquish his command at Fort Barrancas, Florida. Now he is stationed without command at the ungarrisoned Fort Grant, Arizona. Stewart regards his brother’s situation as forced exile, an unfitting position considering he has not been criminally convicted.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1907-11-13

Letter from John H. Murphy to William Loeb

John H. Murphy wants President Roosevelt to respond to “the Colorado situation,” most likely referring to the strike at Cripple Creek. Murphy describes the withdrawal of the militia from Cripple Creek and reports that many miners were “forcibly driven away” from their homes.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1904-07-30

Letter from Carroll D. Wright to Theodore Roosevelt

Commissioner of Labor Wright summarizes the request made by John H. Murphy for executive interference in Colorado. Murphy argues that citizens, specifically miners deported by the Citizens’ Alliance and authorities in Colorado, are being denied basic rights.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1904-07-30

Letter from George Frisbie Hoar to Theodore Roosevelt

Senator Hoar is pleased that Apolinario Mabini is not confined to Guam but only prevented from entering the Philippines until he takes an oath of allegiance. However, he remains doubtful that Mabini’s banishment has legal grounding.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1903-01-19

Letter from George Frisbie Hoar to Theodore Roosevelt

Senator Hoar suggests allowing Filipino leader, Apolinario Mabini, to return to his country. Mabini had a hand in Filipino state papers that had a good understanding of law and of America. He refused to take an oath of allegiance to the United States and was deported to Guam. Hoar argues that if the United States has overcome all opposition in the Philippines, what do they have to fear from one old man?

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1902-12-16

Letter from George Frisbie Hoar to Theodore Roosevelt

Senator Hoar intercedes on behalf of Apolinario Mabini, the Filipino leader, and asks that he be allowed to return to the Philippines without taking the oath of allegiance to the United States. Hoar has found some documents that show Mabini merely to be making the same arguments that the Americans did during the revolution. Mabini is a paralytic and merely wants to return to his countrymen.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1902-12-20

Memorandum from Elihu Root to Theodore Roosevelt

Secretary of War Root opposes allowing Apolinario Mabini to return to the Philippines without taking the oath of allegiance. He expects that Mabini would continue to plot insurrection. Mabini is not a prisoner and can travel anywhere in the world, except the Philippines.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1902-12-29