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In keeping with the President’s request, the U.S. Navy’s librarian, Charles West Stewart, has been tasked with collecting all communications since 1846 concerning U.S. military operations in Panama for the purpose of preventing free transit under the Bidlack Treaty of 1846.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1903-12-24
Colombian General Daniel Ortiz distributes a General Order to commanders, officers and soldiers of the Army of the Pacific Ocean of the Department of Panama to defend Colombia against American forces in the Panama Revolution of 1903. Ortiz admonishes President Roosevelt’s policy and the Monroe Doctrine, asserting their contradiction of the Mallarino-Bidlack treaty of 1846, which stated Colombia’s ownership of Panama. Ortiz references Simón Bolívar and the triumph of Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia over the Spanish Empire in the Spanish-American War.
Library of Congress Manuscript Division
1903-11-23