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TR Encyclopedia

A – Z Index

Browse our articles in alphabetical order to learn more about the life of Theodore Roosevelt as well as people, places and events of his lifetime and beyond. These articles have been written or reviewed by historians to ensure their accuracy.

Theodore Roosevelt’s desk in his library at Sagamore Hill, c. 1910s.

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A

  • Addams, Jane
    • Jane Addams was the first American woman to win a Nobel Peace Prize and was a pioneer in the field of social work. She was also a prominent political activist and advocate of women’s suffrage who played a leading role in Theodore Roosevelt’s 1912 presidential campaign.
  • African Safari
    • After leaving the presidency, Theodore Roosevelt went on a year-long safari in East Africa, sponsored by the Smithsonian Institute.
  • Alaska Border Dispute
    • The Alaska Border Dispute saw tensions grow between the United States on one side, and Canada and Great Britain on the other, as the nations sought to define the boundaries of the Alaskan panhandle region.
  • Aldrich, Nelson Wilmarth
    • Nelson Wilmarth Aldrich was the powerful senior Republican Senator from Rhode Island during Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency.
  • American Historical Association
    • Theodore Roosevelt served as president of the American Historical Association (AHA) in 1912. The organization was founded in 1884 at a time when the discipline of history was still very new.
  • Anthracite Coal Strike
    • The Anthracite Coal Strike, which took place from May to October 1902, began after mine operators refused to meet with representatives of the United Mine Workers of America.
  • Antiquities Act of 1906
    • The Antiquities Act of 1906 gave the President authority to set aside historic landmarks and other objects of historic and scientific interest, protecting them from looting and destruction. President Roosevelt used the Act to designate many sites, including the Grand Canyon, as national monuments.
  • Asthma
    • Theodore Roosevelt’s early life was plagued by his struggles with asthma. While he eventually largely overcame this illness, he was never entirely free of it.

B
  • Bell, John Graham
    • John Graham Bell (1812-1889) was the taxidermist from Tappan, New York, who taught young Theodore Roosevelt how to preserve animals for collection and display and who may have first mentioned to him the bison roaming the Dakota prairies.
  • Berryman, Clifford
    • Clifford Berryman created the iconic teddy bear cartoon that is forever linked with Theodore Roosevelt.
  • Billings, Frederick
    • Frederick Billings, president of the Northern Pacific Railroad, was a driving influence to that railroad’s expansion across North Dakota.
  • Bison Conservation
    • By the end of the 1800s, the American bison population was rapidly approaching extinction due to a combination of factors, including resource exploitation and misguided policy. In order to prevent their total extinction, public and private efforts had to cooperate to reserve areas of land where bison populations could be reintroduced and preserved.
  • Bok, Edward
    • Edward Bok (1863-1930 ) was the influential editor of Ladies Home Journal (1889-1919) and a strong supporter of Theodore Roosevelt’s.
  • Boone and Crockett Club
    • The Boone and Crockett Club was the brainchild of Theodore Roosevelt and George Bird Grinnell, the editor of the influential magazine Forest and Stream.
  • Boy Scouting
    • Boy Scouting was founded in England by British war hero Robert Baden-Powell in 1908, the same year that Theodore Roosevelt left the presidency.
  • Brownsville Incident
    • The Brownsville Incident (1906) resulted in the wounding of one white civilian and the death of another. President Roosevelt discharged without honor the entire 25th Infantry, 167 African-American soldiers – a decision that might be deemed one of the worst mistakes of his presidency.
  • Burroughs, John
    • John Burroughs was one of several naturalists whom Theodore Roosevelt knew because of his role in the evolving conservation movement of the early twentieth century.
C
  • Cannon, Joseph Gurney
    • Joseph Gurney Cannon was the influential Republican Speaker of the House of Representatives during most of Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency.
  • Cantonment
    • The cantonment was an abandoned army compound on the west bank of the Little Missouri River that served as a hunting lodge and headquarters at the time Theodore Roosevelt first appeared in Dakota Territory.
  • Charles Lang Freer Collection
    • When Charles Lang Freer expressed an interest in donating his collection of Asian art to the Smithsonian Institution, President Roosevelt was one of the figures recognizing the value of the collection. His efforts helped convince the institution to accept the materials, leading to the establishment of the Smithsonian’s first art museum.
  • Coinage Crisis of 1907
    • The Coinage Crisis of 1907 was the result of a proposal to remove the words “In God We Trust” spiraling into a major political episode.
  • Cowles, Anna Roosevelt
    • Anna Roosevelt Cowles was Theodore Roosevelt’s elder sister.  Born in the family’s brownstone at 28 East 20th Street in New York City, she was always known as Bye or Bamie.
D
  • Dear Maria Controversy
    • The “Dear Maria” controversy concerned the separation of church and state in regards to President Roosevelt’s endorsement of a Catholic archbishop for elevation to the position of cardinal.
  • Derby, Ethel Carow Roosevelt
    • Ethel Carow Roosevelt Derby was the daughter of Theodore and Edith Kermit Roosevelt.
  • Dewey, George
    • George Dewey (1837-1917) was an American naval officer whose victory over the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay in 1898 made him a national hero.
  • Dresden Literary American Club
    • Theodore Roosevelt helped create the Dresden Literary American Club with his siblings Elliott and Corinne, and their cousins John and Maud Elliott, to share their short stories and poetry.
  • Du Bois, W. E. B.
    • W. E. B. Du Bois was an influential African-American sociologist, writer, and leader during Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency and afterward.
E
  • East Saint Louis Race Riot
    • The 1917 East St. Louis, Illinois, race riot was one of the deadliest race riots in American history. The riot’s official death toll was 39 African Americans and nine whites, although some estimates put the death toll as high as two hundred.
  • The Elkins Act
    • The Elkins Act of 1903 was named for Senator Stephen B. Elkins of West Virginia. This piece of legislation was championed by the Pennsylvania Railroad as a way to end the practice of rebates.
F
  • Fairbanks, Charles W.
    • Charles W. Fairbanks (1852-1918) served as Theodore Roosevelt’s vice president from the inaugural in 1905 until the end of Roosevelt’s four-year term in 1909.
  • Ferris, Joseph A.
    • Joe Ferris was a hunting guide, a shopkeeper, and a friend of Theodore Roosevelt in the badlands of Dakota Territory.
  • Foley, James
    • James Foley was a contemporary of Theodore Roosevelt in the badlands of Dakota Territory. He was a poet, a journalist, and a secretary to North Dakota political figures.
  • Football
    • Collegiate football was less than a decade old in the United States when Theodore Roosevelt saw his very first game as a Harvard College undergraduate in 1876. This young sport soon came to be known for several troubling aspects, including excessive violence during play, fatalities on the field, the use of non-student athletes, recruiting scandals, and corrupt referees.
G
  • Gentlemen’s Agreement
    • The Gentlemen’s Agreement was an informal agreement between Japan and the United States to limit immigration from Japan in return for less discriminatory policies and restrictions on immigrants already present in the country.
  • Gompers, Samuel
    • Samuel Gompers was a labor leader who was elected president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) at its creation in 1886.
  • Gorringe, Henry Honeychurch
    • Commodore Henry Honeychurch Gorringe was born in the West Indies. He migrated to the United States, joined the U.S. Navy and served in the Civil War.
  • The Great War
    • The Great War engulfed first Europe and then the world, and was a topic of many of Theodore Roosevelt’s writings and speeches in his later life.
  • Great White Fleet
    • The Great White Fleet, consisting of 16 battleships and accompanying vessels, sailed around the world between December 1907 and February 1909. An important show of America’s naval power, the fleet’s successful return added luster to Roosevelt’s presidential career.
  • Grinnell, George Bird
    • George Bird Grinnell was raised in New York where his family lived for a time on the former estate of John James Audubon.
  • Groton School
    • Groton School is a prestigious, Episcopal, college preparatory boarding school located in the city of Groton, in far northern Massachusetts.
  • Gummeré, Samuel Réne
    • Samuel Réne Gummeré (1849-1920) served as the American consul general in Morocco from 1898 until 1905 when he was appointed the first United States minister to Morocco by President Theodore Roosevelt.
H
  • Hagedorn, Hermann
    • Hermann Hagedorn is remembered for his biographies of Theodore Roosevelt and his work to promote the legacy and ideals of Roosevelt through his long service to the Theodore Roosevelt Association.
  • Hagner, Isabella
    • Isabella (Belle) Hagner became the first social secretary to a First Lady when Edith Roosevelt hired her on October 2, 1901.
  • Hanna, Marcus Alonzo
    • Marcus Alonzo Hanna (1837-1904), a wealthy Ohio industrialist, political organizer, and United States Senator, epitomized the close relationship that existed between the titans of industry and politicians during America’s Gilded Age.
  • Harriman, Edward H.
    • Edward H. Harriman was a railroad financier whose Northern Securities Company tangled with President Theodore Roosevelt and lost.
  • Hay-Herrán Treaty
    • The United States Senate ratified the Hay-Herrán Treaty on March 17, 1903.
  • Hay-Pauncefote Treaty
    • President William McKinley instructed Secretary of State John Hay to renegotiate the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850) with the British ambassador, Lord Julian Pauncefote. These discussions eventually resulted in the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, which allowed the United States to build, fortify, and control an isthmian canal as long as British vessels were granted access to the canal on equal terms.
  • Henderson, David Bremner
    • David Bremner Henderson served as Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 56th and 57th Congresses—which included President Theodore Roosevelt’s first term—until Henderson’s surprise resignation in 1903.
  • The Hepburn Act
    • The Hepburn Act of 1906 was a bill that fortified the powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) and strengthened federal regulation of railroads.
  • Hill, James J.
    • James Jerome Hill is best known as the “Empire Builder” who masterminded construction of the Great Northern Railroad and created a corporation controlling major lines in the northern tier of the United States.
  • How The Other Half Lives
    • How the Other Half Lives is an 1890 work by Jacob Riis that uses photographs and accompanying descriptions to shed light on the poverty and squalor that developed within metropolitan America–and especially New York City–around the turn of the twentieth century.
I
  • Interstate Commerce Act
    • The Interstate Commerce Act was used by President Theodore Roosevelt to regulate America’s railroads.
J
  • Jones, Herschel V.
    • Herschel V. Jones (1861-1928) was a Republican, a supporter of Theodore Roosevelt, and the long-time publisher of the Minneapolis Journal.
  • The Jungle
    • The Jungle is a muckraking novel written in 1906 by Upton Sinclair.
K
  • Kelley, Florence
    • Florence Kelley was an important social activist, settlement house worker, and labor reformer whose work intersected with Theodore Roosevelt’s legislative agenda.
  • Kellor, Frances
    • Frances Kellor’s national status as an immigration expert drew President Roosevelt’s attention and she became part of his “Female Brain Trust” with Jane Addams and Florence Kelley.
  • King, Isabella Greenway
    • Isabella Greenway King was a United States Representative from Arizona and a friend of both the family of Theodore and Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt and Eleanor and Franklin Roosevelt.
L
  • La Follette, Robert Marion, Sr.
    • Robert “Fighting Bob” La Follette (1855-1925), a progressive reformer from Wisconsin, resisted the corrupt influence of railroads, utilities, and large corporations. Like other early twentieth century activists, he challenged fellow citizens to take control of the machinery of government.
  • Loeb, William, Jr.
    • William Loeb Jr. began as a stenographer for Theodore Roosevelt and became, by 1903, his private secretary, a trusted assistant and advisor, widely recognized as Roosevelt’s “right-hand man.”
  • Longworth, Alice Lee Roosevelt
    • Alice Lee Roosevelt Longworth was the only daughter of Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt and Theodore Roosevelt.  She was born on February 12, 1884.
  • Louisiana Purchase Exposition
    • The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, commonly known as the St. Louis World’s Fair, took place in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1904. The Exposition commemorated the 100th anniversary of the Louisiana Purchase, coincided with the 1904 Olympic Games, and celebrated the United States’ new role as a world player.
M
  • The Man in the Arena
    • Theodore Roosevelt delivered “Citizenship in a Republic” in Paris on April 23, 1910. The speech is popularly known as “The Man in the Arena.”
  • The Meat Inspection Act of 1906
    • The Meat Inspection Act of 1906 was one facet of Theodore Roosevelt’s response to Upton Sinclair’s work The Jungle, which exposed the inhumane working conditions and terrible hygiene standards of the meat packing industry.
  • Mitchell, John
    • John Mitchell was president of the United Mine Workers of America during the 1902 Anthracite Strike in Pennsylvania.
  • Morgan, J. P.
    • John Pierpont Morgan was an American banker whose investments helped stabilize the economy, build monopolies, and earn the wrath of Theodore Roosevelt.
  • Moro Rebellion
    • The Moro Rebellion (1901-1913) occurred after the conclusion of the Philippine-American War and involved sporadic confrontations between the Muslim Filipinos living in the southern part of the Philippines and the American soldiers there to oversee the transition from Spanish rule to U.S. oversight.
  • Muckraker
    • Muckraker is the word used to describe any Progressive Era journalist who investigated and publicized social and economic injustices.
  • Muir, John
    • John Muir crusaded to stop the despoilment of natural places by western cattle and sheep ranchers and was instrumental in the creation of Yosemite and other national parks such as Grand Canyon, Petrified Forest, Mount Rainier, and Sequoia.  His efforts culminated in the founding of the Sierra Club in 1892.
N
  • NAACP
    • The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is an important civil rights organization founded in the final months of Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency.
  • National Consumers League
    • The National Consumers League (NCL) was founded in New York City in 1899 by two well-known Progressive Era civic activists, Jane Addams and Josephine Lowell.
  • National Urban League
    • The National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes (the National Urban League) was an important social welfare organization aimed at improving the lives of African Americans in northern cities.
  • New Nationalism
    • Theodore Roosevelt’s 1910 speech at  Osawatomie, Kansas, set out his political ideas of “New Nationalism,” which he would carry into the Progressive Party and the 1912 presidential campaign.
  • Northern Securities Case
    • The Northern Securities Case reached the Supreme Court in 1904.  It was the first example of Roosevelt’s use of anti-trust legislation to dismantle a monopoly, in this case a holding company controlling the principal railroad lines from Chicago to the Pacific Northwest.
O
  • Our Teddy
    • Released to cinematic audiences two weeks after Theodore Roosevelt died on January 6, 1919, Our Teddy was the first commercial feature-length motion picture about the former president.
P
  • Packard, A. T.
    • Arthur T. Packard (1860-1931) was a frontier newspaperman, law enforcement officer, and friend to Theodore Roosevelt.
  • Panama Canal Treaty
    • The Panama Canal was a result of many treaties and international negotiations, with the final treaty coming about after the Panamanian revolution.
  • Peabody, Endicott
    • Endicott “Cotty” Peabody (1857-1944) was a life-long friend of Theodore Roosevelt’s. The two met while they were in college, and Peabody—with Roosevelt’s backing—would go on to found Groton School in 1884 and serve, for 56 years, as its first headmaster.
  • Perdicaris Incident
    • The Perdicaris Incident remains well-known for the wording of Hay’s telegram. It is also a clear example of Roosevelt’s “big stick” diplomacy.
  • Philippine-American Conflict
    • The Philippine-American Conflict developed out of the Philippine struggle for independence from Spain. This struggle was played out both in Cuba and in the Philippines.
  • Pinchot, Gifford
    • Gifford Pinchot promoted conservationism—the efficient management of natural resources by trained professionals. He was the first head of the U.S. Forest Service, appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt.
  • Platt Amendment
    • The Platt Amendment established the framework for U.S.-Cuban relations between 1901 and 1934. The amendment limited Cuba’s treaty-making powers, restricted Cuba’s foreign debts, gave the U.S. the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence, allowed a U.S. naval base at Guantánamo Bay, and initiated sanitation and health care efforts designed to lure U.S. investors to the island.
  • Puck Magazine
    • Puck Magazine, which focused on political satire, was the creation of Austrian immigrant Joseph Keppler.
R
  • Railroads
    • Railroads played a crucial role in the Progressive Era as providers of transportation and targets of regulation. Though critical of railroad monopolies, Theodore Roosevelt respected railroad employees.
  • Riis, Jacob
    • Jacob Riis, a Danish immigrant, arrived in the United States in 1870 when he was twenty-one years old. Riis deplored the social conditions of the poor in New York City, and was active in bringing about anti-child labor and tenement reform laws.
  • River of Doubt
    • The River of Doubt was Roosevelt’s last great adventure and, as he called it, his “last chance to be a boy.” His party’s mission was to chart the unknown river and to collect specimens for the Museum of Natural History.
  • Roberts, Margaret
    • Margaret Barr Roberts (1853-1938) was a rancher, an entrepreneur, a single mother, and a friend to Theodore Roosevelt.
  • Robinson, Corinne Roosevelt
    • Corinne “Conie” Roosevelt Robinson was the fourth child of Theodore Roosevelt, Sr., and Martha Bulloch Roosevelt.
  • Rondon, Cândido Mariano da Silva
    • Cândido Mariano da Silva Rondon accompanied Theodore Roosevelt down Brazil’s River of Doubt in 1914.  Rondon’s scientific precision in mapping the river sometimes clashed with Roosevelt’s desire to reach the end quickly, especially once disasters of many kinds struck the expedition.
  • Roosevelt Corollary
    • In his annual message to Congress on December 6, 1904, President Theodore Roosevelt made a significant addition to the Monroe Doctrine affecting America’s foreign policy.
  • Roosevelt, Alice Hathaway Lee
    • Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt was Theodore Roosevelt’s first wife.  Born in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, on July 29, 1861, Alice met Theodore when she was just seventeen years old.
  • Roosevelt, Archibald Bulloch
    • Archibald Bulloch Roosevelt was the third son of Theodore and Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt.
  • Roosevelt, Edith Kermit Carow
    • Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt was Theodore Roosevelt’s second wife.  The daughter of Gertrude Elizabeth Tyler and Charles Carow, Edith was born on August 6, 1861, in Connecticut.
  • Roosevelt, Eleanor
    • Eleanor Roosevelt (1884-1962) was Theodore Roosevelt’s niece. Her father was Theodore Roosevelt’s younger brother Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt.
  • Roosevelt, Elliott
    • Elliott Roosevelt, nicknamed “Ellie” or “Nell,” was the third child of Theodore Roosevelt Sr. and Martha (Mittie) Bulloch Roosevelt. He was also the father of First Lady Anna Eleanor Roosevelt and the younger brother of President Theodore Roosevelt.
  • Roosevelt, Kermit
    • Kermit Roosevelt was the precocious second son of Theodore and Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt.
  • Roosevelt, Martha Bulloch
    • Martha “Mittie” Bulloch, the mother of President Theodore Roosevelt and grandmother of First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, was the daughter of James Stephens Bulloch and Martha Stewart Elliott Bulloch.
  • Roosevelt, Robert Barnwell
    • Robert Barnwell (Barnhill) Roosevelt was the fourth son of Cornelius Van Schaack Roosevelt and Margaret Barnhill Roosevelt as well as the uncle of President Theodore Roosevelt. He was a prominent New York lawyer, public servant, diplomat, writer, and conservationist.
  • Roosevelt, Theodore, Jr.
    • Theodore (Ted) Roosevelt, Jr., was the eldest son of Theodore and Edith Kermit Roosevelt.
  • Roosevelt, Theodore, Sr.
    • Theodore Roosevelt, Sr., was the fifth son of Cornelius Van Schaack Roosevelt, a prosperous New York merchant, and Margaret Barnhill Roosevelt.
  • Roosevelt’s Libraries
    • Theodore Roosevelt’s love of reading was well known. Two “libraries” in particular can be seen as representing Roosevelt as a reader.
  • Roosevelt Sons in World War II
    • Theodore Roosevelt’s four sons inherited their father’s burning desire to serve in uniform when duty called. Given their father’s heroics during his own crowded hour, it would have been nearly impossible for TR’s sons not to test themselves in the crucible of battle.
  • Root-Takahira Agreement
    • President Theodore Roosevelt worked to improve diplomatic relations between the United States and the Empire of Japan. Two important steps in this direction were made by his helping to end the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) and his arranging to have the Great White Fleet visit Tokyo (October 1908). The Root-Takahira Agreement (November 1908) was a third.
S
  • Sagamore Hill
    • Sagamore Hill was the Theodore Roosevelt family home in Cove Neck, on Long Island, in New York State.
  • Saint-Gaudens, Augustus
    • Augustus Saint-Gaudens was, according to Theodore Roosevelt, “a very great sculptor.” The two men met in 1901 and the new president would later tap Saint-Gaudens to create his 1905 inaugural medal and to redesign the country’s coinage.
  • Schrank, John Flammang
    • John Flammang Schrank (March 5, 1876-September 15, 1943) attempted to assassinate Theodore Roosevelt on October 14, 1912.
  • Sewall, William Wingate
    • William Wingate Sewall (1845-1930) was the first child born to Levi and Rebecca Sewall in Island Falls, Maine. Sewall’s childhood was spent hunting and exploring in the Maine woods. His love for those forests stayed with Sewall throughout his life.
  • The Sherman Act
    • Passed after a series of large corporate mergers during the 1880s, the Sherman Act enabled government departments and private individuals to use the court system to break up any organization or contract alleged to be in restraint of trade.
  • Simms, Ruth Hanna McCormick
    • Ruth Hanna McCormick Simms was a United States Representative from Illinois and a prominent advocate for women’s suffrage.
  • Smoot, Reed
    • Reed Smoot was a Republican Senator from Utah for whom Theodore Roosevelt’s support was necessary to ensure his being seated in the Senate.
  • Spanish-American War
    • The Spanish-American War began on April 25, 1898, when the United States declared war against Spain on behalf of Spain’s colony, Cuba.  Cubans had been agitating for freedom from Spanish rule for several decades.
  • Square Deal
    • The Square Deal is the name given to Theodore Roosevelt’s domestic legislative program.
  • Stickney, Victor Hugo
    • Dr. Victor Hugo Stickney was the only doctor in western Dakota Territory during Roosevelt’s years in the badlands. He first met Theodore Roosevelt in April 1886, and they became good friends.
  • Storer, Maria Longworth Nichols
    • Born March 20, 1849, to a wealthy founding family of Cincinnati, Ohio, Maria Longworth became an accomplished artist.
T
  • Taft, Helen
    • Helen Herron Taft was the wife of the 27th president of the United States, William Howard Taft.
  • Tammany Hall
    • Tammany Hall was an important facet of the New York City political landscape, both serving a role as a source of support for recent immigrants and becoming the quintessential example of political corruption and machine politics during the Gilded Age.
  • Teddy Bear
    • The Teddy Bear, so beloved of children everywhere, was named for Theodore Roosevelt after he refused to shoot a defenseless bear on a hunting trip.
  • Treaty of Portsmouth
    • The Treaty of Portsmouth, signed on September 5, 1905, officially concluded the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. President Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for the role he played in the negotiations that ended the conflict.
V
  • Venezuela Debt Crisis
    • The Venezuela debt crisis began in 1901 when Cipriano Castro, Venezuela’s president, defaulted on millions of dollars in bonds owed to European nations.
  • Villard, Henry
    • Henry Villard was a railroad capitalist and instrumental in making Portland the terminal for the Northern Pacific Railroad.
W
  • Washington, Booker T.
    • Booker T. Washington was a famous and highly respected leader among African Americans during Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency.
  • Wharton, Edith
    • Edith Wharton was an American author and the first woman to earn a Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. She was also a friend of Theodore and Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt.
  • White House Gang
    • The “White House Gang” was a name created by President Theodore Roosevelt to describe an adventuresome group of conspirators led by Quentin Roosevelt, the youngest of TR’s children.
  • Whitney, Flora Payne
    • Flora Payne Whitney was engaged to marry Quentin Roosevelt before he was killed in World War I.
  • Wister, Owen
    • Owen Wister (July 14, 1860-July 21, 1938) was a lifelong friend of Theodore Roosevelt’s and a novelist best known for his writings about the American West.
  • Wood, Leonard
    • Leonard Wood (1860-1927) was a physician by training, a career military officer, and a friend of Theodore Roosevelt.