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At present he works Bulgaria

At present he works Bulgaria

A puppeteer labeled “Russia” with marionettes labeled “Bulgaria” and “Macedonia” engage in a sword fight. The Bulgarian puppet is about to cut the head off the Macedonian puppet who has dropped his sword. Hanging on the side of the theater, to the left, are three puppets labeled “Roumelia, Servia, [and] Roumania.” Caption: A continuous performance since Peter, the Great.

Comments and Context

It was not a mere hobby-horse of Puck cartoonists and editorial writers, but other publications, diplomats, and the world at large, to take note of Czarist Russia’s adventurous and irresponsible actions on the world stage in the first years of the twentieth century. Czar Nicholas’s own cousins, German Emperor William II and English King Edward VII, routinely were wary of Imperial Russia’s intentions, and irrational policies.

Brutal suppression of growing domestic dissent, persecution of religious and ethnic minorities, economic mismanagement, and rudderless interventionism abroad — all made for Russia to be the powder-keg that history now knows it to have been. At the time of this cartoon, Russia thought it was filling a vacuum in Manchuria following the agreements after the Boxer Rebellion and considered it safe to challenge Japan over disputed islands and ports in its far East. It was not safe; they quietly pleaded for international assistance to negotiate an end to the ensuing war, and it came in the person of President Roosevelt.

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Lioubomir Michailovitch

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Lioubomir Michailovitch

Theodore Roosevelt agrees with Serbian Minister Michailovitch’s opinion regarding the importance of July 28, 1914, and argues that beyond simply being the day Germany and its ally Austria-Hungary began the great war, July 28 further raised the question of how the world should deal with the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Roosevelt feels there can be no peace unless the Austro-Hungarian Empire is broken up and its constituent nationalities are given their own states, and mentions also that the Ottoman empire should be similarly divided. The United States should do what it can to assist in this effort by encouraging the revolt of subject peoples and pledging to protect them. Future peace depends on Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey being soundly defeated, and Roosevelt believes Europe should be remade “on the basis of the principle of nationalities.”

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1918-07-11

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to William H. Taft

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to William H. Taft

President Roosevelt informs President-Elect Taft that he will see Austrian Ambassador Ladislaus Hengelmüller von Hengervár at once to clear up the issue. Some newspapers had reported that Taft and his wife, Helen Herron Taft, had sent a message to a Serbian women’s association, and while it did not seem serious apparently invited anxiety in Austria-Hungary. Roosevelt teases Taft that while he is making up his cabinet, Roosevelt spent the morning testing the rifles for his African safari, and says that “life has compensations!” In a handwritten note at the end, Roosevelt comments on Spencer F. Eddy, who is currently envoy to Romania.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1908-12-31

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to William H. Taft

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to William H. Taft

President Roosevelt tells President-Elect Taft that he was recently approached by Austrian Ambassador Ladislaus Hengelmüller von Hengervár, who was concerned about a telegram that Taft and his wife, Helen Herron Taft, allegedly sent to the Serbians. While Roosevelt does not know anything about the incident, he offers his opinion on the situation in the Balkans, and says that the Austro-Hungarian empire has done a good job governing Bosnia and Herzegovina, and that immediate annexation of these states to Serbia would be a disaster.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1908-12-29

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Endicott Peabody

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Endicott Peabody

President Roosevelt explains he is trying to get a legation for Romania and Serbia established. If he is successful, the post will go to Consul General at Cairo, Egypt, John Wallace Riddle. Roosevelt tells Endicott Peabody he might be able to make Thomas Ewing Moore Secretary of Legation under Riddle, but he is not sure.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1904-12-27

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to John Hay

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to John Hay

President Roosevelt asks Secretary of State Hay if Thomas Ewing Moore, consul at Weimar, Germany, can be made secretary of legation under John Wallace Riddle as minister if the United States gets an embassy in Romania. Roosevelt encloses a letter from Endicott Peabody recommending Moore.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1904-12-27

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Joseph Gurney Cannon

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Joseph Gurney Cannon

President Roosevelt writes to Joseph Gurney Cannon, Chairman of the Notification Committee, to formally accept his nomination as the Republican presidential candidate and to approve the platform adopted by the Republican National Convention. In the letter, Roosevelt provides a comprehensive defense of his foreign and domestic policies and outlines what he believes are the major differences between the Republican and Democratic parties in the upcoming election. Roosevelt discusses, among other topics, his position on international relations, antitrust legislation, tariffs, the gold standard, pensions for Civil War veterans, the military, civil service, commerce, agriculture, taxation, and self-government in the Philippines.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1904-09-12

Letter from Horace G. Knowles to William Loeb

Letter from Horace G. Knowles to William Loeb

Horace G. Knowles, United States Minister to Serbia and Romania, sends Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt an autographed photograph of Elizabeth of Wied, Queen of Romania. The Queen appreciated the autographed photograph of Edith, and wanted to return the favor, but fell ill for some time, which delayed the response. Knowles asks William Loeb to remind President Roosevelt, when he begins planning for his African safari, that there are deluxe trains from Paris and Berlin to Bucharest and Costanza, from which Roosevelt could take a ship to Alexandria. Knowles also asks Loeb to give his congratulations to Roosevelt on the results of the Republican National Convention and the nomination of Secretary of War William H. Taft as Republican candidate for president.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1908-06-27