President Roosevelt fires a cannon to send a lifeline to a ship in distress on rough seas with dark clouds labeled “Prejudice” forming overhead. The rope spells out the word “Tolerance.” A rainbow shines on the left with the word “Liberty.” In the lower right corner is a quotation from “The President’s Reference to Immigrants.”
Comments and Context
President Roosevelt’s “reference” to immigrants, and a welcoming, reasonable, national policy, was contained in a note to Secretary of State John Hay, not identified by depicted in this bold cartoon.
The era of Roosevelt’s presidency — that is, the first decade of the Twentieth Century — was to that time the high-water mark of immigration to America. Unlike previous “waves” of English, Irish, Scots-Irish, Scandinavians, and Germans, this decade saw many immigrants arriving from Italy, Poland, and Russia. And unlike earlier influxes many of these newcomers settled in urban areas. (1910 was also the first census year when urban Americans outnumbered rural Americans.)