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Low, Seth, 1850-1916

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Some stunt for Samuel

Some stunt for Samuel

Uncle Sam, as a tightrope walker, with Seth Low hanging onto his coattails, pushes a wheelbarrow labeled “Arbitration” on which two men are tied, one labeled “Railroads” and the other labeled “Labor.” The men are bound together with straps labeled “Public Opinion.” Uncle Sam is walking on a rope that is stretched across a wilderness river with a waterfall and mountains in the background. Caption: He doesn’t know where he’s going, but he’s on his way.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1913-08-27

Singing low

Singing low

Seth Low, outfitted with a frilly shirt and patent leather shoes, stands on a stage with the sheet music “In the Sweet Bye and Bye” in his hands. To the left, Elihu Root is seated at a pipe organ labeled “Tribune,” looking over his shoulder at Low.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site

Creation Date

1904-08-13

The American navy

The American navy

At center, Andrew Carnegie donates an “inland sea” as a place to send the Navy. Surrounding vignettes include other options where it could be sent: the “North Pole,” the “Saragossa [sic] Sea,” the “Saharra [sic] Desert,” or “Salt Creek” – where the “Salt Creek Reception Committee,” comprised of such figures as “D.B. Hill, Alton B. Parker, Croker, Burton, Jerome, [and] Seth Low,” awaits its arrival. Caption: Some places to send it without giving offense.

Comments and Context

The American Navy was in the news when this cartoon appeared, as it was at least once a year during President Roosevelt’s administration — during the annual message, today called the State of the Union address.

Roosevelt, whose first major book, published when he was 22, was the still-standard history The Naval War of 1812, never lost his interest in naval affairs or his belief in a strong navy. When he met Captain A. T. Mahan, author of The Influence Of Sea Power on World History, 1660-1783, his views were codified. Mahan had a similar, major impact on leaders in Germany, Great Britain, France, and Japan. Roosevelt’s synthesized philosophies led him to become Assistant Secretary of the Navy under President William McKinley; and, later, to order the American Pacific Fleet under Admiral George Dewey to Manila in the Spanish-American War, and to send the Great White Fleet on a circumnavigational cruise.

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to John Jay Chapman

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to John Jay Chapman

After disagreeing with Seth Low on the content of an upcoming speech, Police Commissioner Roosevelt writes to John Jay Chapman to inform him that it is best that he cancel Roosevelt’s scheduled appearance. Roosevelt also describes his reasoning for retracting his support of the Good Government Clubs in the present campaign.

Collection

Harvard College Library

Creation Date

1895-10-21

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Kermit Roosevelt

Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Kermit Roosevelt

President Roosevelt reports on the family animals and how he has been acting as “vice-mother” while First Lady Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt is gone for nine days. He has been reading a lot to Archibald “Archie” B. Roosevelt and Quentin Roosevelt. Roosevelt expresses his disappointment at Seth Low’s recent defeat. William Loeb inquires as to whether Kermit Roosevelt is receiving the Saturday Commercial Advertiser.

Collection

Harvard College Library

Creation Date

1903-11-15

Regulars and irregulars– but all arrayed against a common enemy

Regulars and irregulars– but all arrayed against a common enemy

New York Mayor Seth Low directs the bombardment of a Tammany Hall bunker flying a flag labeled “Tammany Graft.” Several men, among them former President Grover Cleveland, and Charles V. Fornes, pass shells labeled “Clean record, Capable administration, [and] Just return for taxes” for an “Anti-Tammany” howitzer. They are behind a sand-bag bunker labeled “Honest Government” and are flying the flag of “Municipal Reform.” Caption: “That ammunition fits our gun only.”

Comments and Context

“Regulars and Irregulars” — cartoonist Keppler illustrated the “fusion” aspect of Mayor Seth Low’s New York City administration.In 1901 Low had been elected as a Reform Republican and Fusion candidate, on the Citizen’s Union ticket.

In fewer than two years Low effected many reforms swiftly and forcefully, taking advantage of his unprecedented victory over Tammany Hall Democrats, who were demoralized and in disarray. And Low kept his coalition together. Public servants of all stripes supported him editorially or politically, as Keppler caricatured various leaders of various backgrounds.

A tidy job; but–

A tidy job; but–

New York City mayor Seth Low, as a lion tamer holding a whip, stands next to the Tammany Tiger which is bound in ribbons labeled “Civic Honesty, Fusion, Decent Government, Municipal Reforms, [and] Local Improvements.” Standing in the background is Charles F. Murphy, Tammany Hall boss, holding a large pair of scissors labeled “Election 1903.” Later in the year, Low would lose the election for mayor to George B. McClellan Jr.

Comments and Context

Seth Low was identified with reform and efficient administration his whole career, as mayor of Brooklyn, mayor New York City (Brooklyn and the City merged in 1897 as “Greater New York”), and as president of Columbia University. His political activities were allied with the Republican Party and various reform groups like the Fusion Party and the Citizens Union.

It was as Citizens Union / Republican that he was voted into City Hall in 1901, aided in part by corruptions and scandals in the Democrat Tammany Hall machine that were more odious than usual; and the retirement of longtime Tammany leader Richard Croker. Mayor Low immediately set out to proposed, and achieve, significant municipal reforms.

Mayor Low’s novel plan and its great possibilities

Mayor Low’s novel plan and its great possibilities

At center, New York City Mayor Seth Low sits in a chair reading from a long list of his “Plans for this Week” to a group of reporters. In the vignettes to the right and left, someone is reading from a similar list of announcements, demands, changes to duties, new automobile laws, or simply stating, as in the case of the “Cuban tariff,” a businessman reads “My policy is greed, deceit, dishonor and broken pledges.” The readings take place in the Police Department, in the home of a henpecked husband, in the boarding house, in a kitchen ruled by a servant, in an automobile stopped before a group of country dwellers, and before a Cuban peasant growing sugarcane.

Comments and Context

Seth Low had served two terms as Mayor of Brooklyn before its merger with Greater New York City in 1897, and also as President of Columbia University. In all of his works and writings he was recognized as one of the nation’s prominent reformers. As a Republican and Independent, he was ally of Theodore Roosevelt in municipal politics. In 1902, aided by disorganization and fresh scandals within the Democratic Tammany Hall organization, Low ran for mayor on the Citizens Union and Republican tickets and won an impressive victory. Ehrhart’s cartoon makes light of Low’s top-to-bottom reform of municipal government: open contract bidding, publicity of agencies’ activities, posted salaries of civic employees, bureaucrat accountability, reforms of the Board of Aldermen, and what we today call “transparency.” With two years, Democrats and Tammany Hall reorganized, and Low lost his re-election bid in 1904.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

To the rescue; mythology up-to-date

To the rescue; mythology up-to-date

Seth Low, possibly as Odysseus, raises a sword labeled “Nonpartisanship” to strike a sea monster labeled “Misrule,” as a woman labeled “Greater New York,” standing on rocks and chained to a rock labeled “Tammany,” tries to get away from the monster.

Comments and Context

For a season the New York City municipal election profiled in this cartoon was a “perfect storm” for reformers. The corrupt Democratic “machine” was in decline, its “boss” Richard Croker foolishly having retired to his native Ireland to run the city from afar. Tammany lost local elections and was enmeshed in more scandals than usual. New York City had recently consolidated with the City of New York (hence the label “Greater New York”) and Seth Low, shown here wielding a sword, had been a reforming mayor of Brooklyn who now sought the mayoralty on a Citizens Union ticket. When the Republicans endorsed the independent candidate, he won handily. Two years later, Tammany, having licked its wounds, defeated him by running George B. McLellan, Jr., son of the Civil War general.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs