Garfield, James Rudolph, 1865-1950

Silver cup dedicated to First Assistant Secretary of State Robert Bacon inscribed with the signatures of fellow members of the Tennis Cabinet, including President Roosevelt, Assistant United States Attorney General Alford Warriner Cooley, Commissioner of Corporations James Rudolph Garfield, French Ambassador J. J. Jusserand, Postmaster General George von Lengerke Meyer, Lawrence O. Murray, United States Forest Service Chief Gifford Pinchot, Herbert Knox Smith, and Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Beekman Winthrop. In addition to the signatures, the cup is inscribed with the date October 11, 1907.

Comments and Context

While president, Theodore Roosevelt’s unofficial “Tennis Cabinet” comprised an inner circle of unofficial advisors with whom Roosevelt would play tennis and discuss policy matters. Including men both from within and outside Roosevelt’s official administration, the group was influential in helping shape and carry out many of Roosevelt’s policies and reforms.

Collection

America

List of votes for Republican, Democrat, and Socialist presidential candidates for the election of 1912 published in the Toledo Weekly Blade. The list shows more Ohioans voted for Theodore Roosevelt over President William H. Taft, the Democrats, and the Socialists combined.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1911-12-07

Gregory A. Wynn chronicles the search by the Roosevelt Memorial Association (RMA) for a home for its extensive Theodore Roosevelt Collection. Wynn highlights the choice between Columbia and Harvard University, and he highlights the group’s sensitivity to the feelings of Theodore Roosevelt’s widow, Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt, as well as those of Nora E. Cordingley, the collection’s caretaker at its home at the Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace. Wynn reveals the disagreements and tensions between members of the RMA and the arguments made for and against each university gaining the collection, and he notes that the New York Public Library was also considered as the repository for the collection.

Three pieces of correspondence from the RMA and a photograph of John A. Gable with Hermann Hagedorn supplement the text.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

William N. Tilchin addresses the members of the Theodore Roosevelt Association (TRA) upon his assuming the presidency of the TRA. Tilchin recounts the difficult years experienced by the TRA between 2005 and 2009, and he praises his predecessor as President, Tweed Roosevelt, for his leadership during and after this period. Tilchin concludes his remarks by noting the various programs that will continue and new initiatives that have been undertaken such as the TRA book prize. A photograph of Tilchin and Roosevelt supplements the text.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

2016-10-29

Alan R. Havig examines the effort of the Roosevelt Memorial Association (RMA) to secure a site on the Washington, D.C., mall to erect a memorial to Theodore Roosevelt. Havig argues that it was not the grandiose design by architect John Russell Pope that doomed the proposal, but that many in and out of Congress felt that constructing a memorial to Roosevelt in the 1920s was too soon after his death. Other critics argued that Roosevelt had not yet earned a place among the memorials to George Washington and Abraham Lincoln. Havig notes that Roosevelt, while denied a monument in the nation’s capital, would gain a memorial on Theodore Roosevelt Island in 1967, and he would earn a place on South Dakota’s Mount Rushmore among the figures that he was deemed unworthy of joining in the 1920s. 

Four illustrations, three photographs of memorials to Roosevelt, and the logo of the Theodore Roosevelt Association populate the essay. 

James G. Lewis explains how deforestation in China became a central part of President Theodore Roosevelt’s last annual message to Congress in December 1908. Lewis notes that Roosevelt’s conservation efforts had been increasingly thwarted by Congress in the last two years of his administration, and Roosevelt decided that he needed to make a strong case to Congress in his last message. Roosevelt used the example of what had happened to China’s soil, rivers, and climate after massive deforestation had rid many of its mountains of trees and vegetation. Roosevelt relied on evidence, eyewitness accounts, and photographs supplied by Frank Nicholas Meyer and Willis Bailey to emphasize the damage done in China. Lewis notes that Roosevelt was the first president to add photographs to his annual message. 

Five photographs appear in the article, including three of deforestation in China, a similar scene from Utah, and one of Meyer. 

By-laws of the Theodore Roosevelt Association (TRA) that contain eight articles that define topics such as the qualifications for membership, the powers and terms of the board of trustees, the business of the executive committee, and the roles and responsibilities of the TRA’s officers. An introductory note provides a brief history of the TRA and its predecessors, the Roosevelt Memorial Association and the Women’s Theodore Roosevelt Association. Three photographs showing James R. Garfield with Corinne Roosevelt Robinson, Gifford Pinchot with his son, and Hermann Hagedorn, appear among the by-laws. 

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

2000

Congressional Charter for the then Roosevelt Memorial Association established in May 1920 that lists the original incorporators and includes some of the key provisions guiding the organization. These include stipulations that the association will be governed by a board of trustees; that its income will go only to further its educational goals; and that it will work to establish memorials to Theodore Roosevelt in Washington, D.C. and Oyster Bay, New York. 

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

2000

Photograph showing James R. Garfield and Corinne Roosevelt Robinson inspecting radio equipment to be used at the opening of the Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace on October 27, 1923.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1923-10-27

This edition of “News and Notes” begins with a summary of the events, elections, and speeches at the seventy-first annual meeting of the Theodore Roosevelt Association (TRA) which included the selection of Robert D. Dalziel as the twelfth President of the TRA. The report includes a listing of those elected to the Board of Trustees as well as brief biographies of the past presidents. “News and Notes” also details the conferring of annual awards and prizes supported by the TRA including: natural history research grants from the American Museum of Natural History; the Theodore Roosevelt Public Speaking Contest for the New York City public schools; the TRA Police Award for the New York City Police Department; and the Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt Naval History Prize. The section also notes the passing of Archibald B. Roosevelt, Junior, changes in command of the USS Theodore Roosevelt, and highlights a lecture by David McCullough at the White House on Theodore Roosevelt.

Two photographs from the TRA annual meeting, a photograph of McCullough with President George Bush, and an illustration of both sides of the TRA medallion appear in the section.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

A list of the presidents of the Theodore Roosevelt Association, along with their dates of leadership.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1988

Biography of Judge Theodore R. Kupferman of New York who became the eleventh president of the Theodore Roosevelt Association (TRA) on December 6, 1986. The article focuses on Kupferman’s political and legal career which led to his appointment to the New York State Supreme Court in 1969. The article also names the prior ten presidents of the TRA and provides a brief biography of each.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1987

Two passages from Theodore Roosevelt, one from a speech and one from a magazine article, about conservation. In the first, Roosevelt praises the work of James R. Garfield and Gifford Pinchot and emphasizes that they actually carried out the policies that they and Roosevelt talked about. In the second passage, Roosevelt asserts that it is becoming recognized that trees, wildlife, and flowers need to preserved for future generations. 

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1910-1915

William Davison Johnston provides a detailed report on the building of an elaborate playground in Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Park in Oyster Bay, New York. Johnston gives a history of the park, describes the work of designer Robert Leathers, and lists the many groups, organizations, and individuals who volunteered to build the new playground. Johnston discusses the complex logistics of building the playground entirely with volunteers in four days.

Six photographs of the playground under construction and one of the dedication ceremony accompany the article.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

John A. Gable tells the story of the creation of a national memorial to Theodore Roosevelt on an island in the Potomac River. Gable looks at the origins of the memorial idea in the 1920s, cites the efforts of the leadership of the Theodore Roosevelt Association (TRA) to secure a site, discusses the memorial built on the island, and describes the natural environment found on Theodore Roosevelt Island.

A photograph of three of Roosevelt’s children on the island, Alice Roosevelt Longworth, Edith Roosevelt Derby, and Archibald B. Roosevelt, accompanies the article.

A listing of the officers of the TRA along with the members of the executive, finance, and Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace committees is on the second page of the article.

Photograph showing President Roosevelt with his “Tennis Cabinet” on the White House lawn on March 1, 1909, when a farewell luncheon was held for the group. Shown from left to right behind Theodore Roosevelt are military aide Archie Butt, Third Assistant Secretary of State William Phillips, Commissioner of the Bureau of Corporations Herbert Knox Smith, Assistant Secretary of the Navy Beekman Winthrop, Chief of U.S. Forest Service Gifford Pinchot, Comptroller of Currency Lawrence O. Murray, U.S. District Attorney Henry L. Stimson, Assistant Secretary of the Navy Herbert Livingston Satterlee, Associate Justice William H. Moody, U.S. District Attorney John Carter Rose, Secretary of the Navy Truman Handy Newberry, G. W. Woodruff, French Ambassador J. J. Jusserand, William Walter Heffelfinger, Postmaster General George von Lengerke Meyer, Commission of Indian Affairs Francis E. Leupp, John Avery McIlhenny, Secretary of the Interior James Rudolph Garfield, U.S. Marshal Seth Bullock, Solicitor General Henry Martyn Hoyt, U.S. Marshal John R. Abernathy, Luther S. Kelly, Secretary of State Robert Bacon, Commissioner of Labor Charles Patrick Neill, William Wingate Sewall, Commissioner General of Immigration Daniel J. Keefe, First Assistant Secretary of State James Callan O’Laughlin, James Bronson Reynolds, Henry S. Pritchett, and secretary William Loeb. In the foreground is the Alexander Phimster Proctor sculpture, “Stalking Panther,” which was presented to Roosevelt by his “Tennis Cabinet” at the luncheon.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1909-03-01

John A. Gable examines Theodore Roosevelt’s connections to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. He looks at its founding by Roosevelt’s father, notes the many specimens donated by Roosevelt, and highlights contributions made to the museum in various capacities by other members of the Roosevelt family. Gable details the design, construction, and contents of the museum’s Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Hall, including its murals and dioramas featuring scenes from Roosevelt’s life and work.

Photographs of the interior and exterior of the Memorial Hall as well as one of James Earle Fraser’s equestrian statue of Roosevelt outside of the museum accompany the article. A full page photograph of one of the dioramas, depicting a scene near Roosevelt’s Elkhorn Ranch, is also found in the article.

A listing of the officers of the Theodore Roosevelt Association as well as the members of its executive, finance, and Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace committees is found on the second page of the article.

Article about the Theodore Roosevelt Association (TRA) that explains its purpose and work, including the preservation of many historical sites associated with Theodore Roosevelt. It touches on the TRA’s support of the American Museum of Natural History, notes its support of Roosevelt scholarship, and highlights some of its past and present leadership.

A drawing of Roosevelt from the neck up appears in the middle of the article.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Listing of the ten Presidents of the Theodore Roosevelt Association from its inception in 1919 through 1981. The years of service of each President is noted next to his name.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal

Creation Date

1981

In this chapter excerpt from his book John Muir and His Legacy: The American Conservation Movement, Stephen Fox examines efforts to expand Yosemite National Park, the battle between preservationists and conservationists over the use of forests, and provides portraits of John Muir, Gifford Pinchot, John Burroughs, and Theodore Roosevelt. He looks at the work undertaken by the conservation movement to preserve Niagara Falls, the redwood forests of California, and Mount Desert Island in Maine. Fox concludes the chapter with a look at the battle over the city of San Francisco’s desire to build a dam at the southern end of Hetch Hetchy valley in Yosemite National Park. In addition to looking at the life and work of Muir, the chapter provides information on many lesser known figures in the turn of the twentieth-century conservation movement.

A listing of the officers and the members of the executive, finance, and Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace committees of the Theodore Roosevelt Association is found on the second page of the excerpt.

Collection

Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal