Anarchism

Secret Service Chief Wilkie informs William Loeb that the letter from the German Ambassador which Loeb mentioned contained a lot of “information” from an informant who specialized in anarchist matters. Wilkie relays what the informant has told him, but does not believe him. Over the past seven years, Wilkie has investigated this informant’s information repeatedly and found it to be false. Even so, Wilkie recognizes there could be a grain of truth in what the informant says.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1907-09-09

Creator(s)

Wilkie, John E. (John Elbert), 1860-1934

Secretary of the Treasury Cortelyou informs William Loeb he received his letter pertaining to a potential anarchistic plot. Cortelyou had already written Secret Service Chief John E. Wilkie about President Roosevelt’s trip to Canton, Ohio, and updated him with this new information.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1907-09-09

Creator(s)

Cortelyou, George B. (George Bruce), 1862-1940

The World. Vol. XLII. No. 14,631. New York, Wednesday, September 11, 1901. Pages 1-4:

Page 1: Banner headline: President’s Wound Reopened; Slight Change for Worse – Sub-headline 1: Emma Goldman in Jail Charged With Conspiracy. – Sub-headline 2: Vehemently Denies that She Inspired Czolgosz. – Sub-headline 3: Anarchist Queen Declares She Met Him Only Once and Then Only for a Moment – Makes a Detailed Statement Covering Her Movements for the Last Two Months. – “Story of the Arrest of Anarchist Queen.” – reports details of the arrest of Emma Goldman. – “Prof. Mazzoni, the Pope’s Surgeon, Thinks Second Bullet Will Have to Be Removed.” – “President Takes Food for the First Time.” – “All Day Long the Reports Were Glowing.” – Doctors expect rapid recovery. – Three illustrations of Emma Goldman.

Page 2: “Vice- President Roosevelt and Senator Hanna Leave for Home” – (new headline of story cont’d from page 1) – “Secret Anarchist Den on Third Avenue. Emma Goldman Made it Her Headquarters in This City and Has Spoken There Twice Since Her Return From Paris Last December.” – “President Will See His Intimate Friends Friday.” – Friends and Cabinet members allowed to visit with McKinley – “Italian Police Knew of Paterson Plot.” – Reports that Italian Police had tips about the assassination plot – “Will Make New York Too Hot for the Reds.” – New York Police cracking down on Anarchists city-wide – Photographs of Vice-President Roosevelt, District Attorney Penny, & John G. Milburn (taken in Buffalo September 10, 1901).

Page 3: “Emma Goldman, Defiant in Her Denials, Held for Conspiracy.” – reports of Emma Goldman’s arrest and her claims of non-involvement. – “President a Witness at Czolgosz’s Trial? He May Either Appear Personally in Court, Through There Is No Power to Compel Him, or May Give Testimony Before a Commission.” – “Beans for Anarchist Soaked by the Police.” – Package of baked beans, sent to Czolgosz, suspected to be poisoned. – “Government to Put the Reds Behind Bars.” – Anarchists to be arrested country-wide on conspiracy charges. – “Roosevelt’s View of Czolgosz Crime.” – Vice- President Roosevelt’s statement denouncing the assassination attempt. – Large illustration of McKinley shaking hands at the Pan-American Exposition. Caption: “President McKinley Shaking Hands with Cuban Commissioner Before Temple of Music Ten Minutes Before the Shooting”

Voice of the People, Vol. III, No. 29, September 14, 1901, p. 1-8 (complete):

Page 1: – “Still Favorable” – Update on McKinley’s condition as of September 12

Page 4: – “Anarchy Doomed” – Anti-anarchist article

Page 5: – Portrait drawings of President M’Kinley, Leon Czolgosz and Emma Goldman as well as a diagrams showing where the bullets entered McKinley’s body and the location of the Temple of Music on the Exposition grounds – “A Cowardly Foe” – Synopsis of the shooting, McKinley’s condition as of September 10, the case against Czolgosz, and the anti-anarchist backlash

This article argues that the passion for independence can lead to anarchy and that “independence is flatly and absolutely contrary to Christianity.”

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1904-08

Creator(s)

Unknown

Puck, as a professor, shows a slide of the germs infecting the Democratic Party. Shown are William Jennings Bryan labeled “Bryanism,” William Randolph Hearst who is labeled “Yellow Journalism,” a man labeled “Anarchism” and an old man labeled “Populism,” and a firebrand labeled “Platforms” with flames labeled “Chicago” and “Kansas City.” “Free Riot” and “Free Silver” also appear among the germs on the slide. Caption: Puck — Gentlemen, we have here the most dangerous germs in the body politic.

comments and context

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1904-04-27

A “Labor Agitator” sits in the center with strings attached to marionettes or puppets from all walks of life and social classes. The vignettes around the central figure show these puppets in actual life situations as union leaders and labor agitators. Depicted are a “Walking Delegate” who is “willin’ ter arbitrate” with a school principal on behalf of his son, and “The Progressive Prisoner,” a “Labor Agitator,” an “Infant Class Agitator,” and “Madame President” of the “Marriageable Women’s Union,” as well as “The District President” of the “Cook Ladies’ Union,” also school-ground bullies who prevent children from getting an education.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1903-01-14

Creator(s)

Ehrhart, S. D. (Samuel D.), approximately 1862-1937

A. L. Drummond introduces George B. Cortelyou to Atherton Brownell, who has information about anarchy. Drummond advised Brownell to go to Washington, D.C., to tell his story.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-11-22

Creator(s)

Drummond, A. L. (Andrew Lewis), 1845-1921

President Roosevelt would like to discuss the German proposal relating to anarchists with Secretary of State Hay.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1902-04-30

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

President Roosevelt was very impressed with William Marion Reedy’s article, and wishes that it could be circulated throughout the United States. Roosevelt was struck by Reedy’s description of newspapers, when he wrote that the people driving the policies of these are plutocrats who wish to oppose anything that could threaten them, but who, by doing this, foster socialism and anarchy in response. Roosevelt feels that his actions in trying to reduce the evils of plutocracy are the only thing that can answer a movement toward socialism and anarchy.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1908-06-29

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

President Roosevelt informs the Department of Justice that he has directed the Postmaster General George von L. Meyer to exclude the anarchist newspaper La Questione Sociale from the mail, and that it will not be admitted to the mail until a court or the Department of Justice advises that it must be admitted. Roosevelt asks if it is possible to prosecute the people who created the publication under federal law, calling them “enemies of mankind.” Roosevelt will also inform the Governor John Franklin Fort of New Jersey so that prosecution may be attempted under state law. Roosevelt says that the paper had been advocating for murder and arson, and that if such things are not illegal, then they should be.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1908-03-20

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

President Roosevelt shares his thoughts on various topics with Cecil Spring Rice. Roosevelt is planning to swap foreign assignments between John B. Jackson and Richmond Pearson, mentioning that Pearson had trouble with missionaries in Persia. While Jackson has done well as Minister to Greece, Roosevelt does not approve of his strong pro-Russia feelings. Roosevelt thinks the Russian people are good, and feels badly that they oscillate between despotism and anarchy. Roosevelt is interested in what Spring Rice says about the movement of Islam in Persia toward more tolerance, and gives his opinion about progress in Islamic countries in relation to Buddhism and Shinto. The violent incidents in San Francisco towards Japanese immigrants concerns Roosevelt. Roosevelt thinks everyone should be in favor of peace and temperance, but he feels professional advocates of both talk a lot without ever getting anything done. At home, Roosevelt is trying to keep a balance between plutocrats and labor unions. Roosevelt hopes to see Spring Rice and his wife soon.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1907-07-01

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

President Roosevelt calls Attorney General Moody’s attention to the situation in Idaho relating to the trial of Charles H. Moyer and Big Bill Haywood. Roosevelt emphasizes that justice must be done, and the men must be judged related to the particular facts of the case of the assassination of ex-Governor Frank Steunenberg, regardless of the sort of labor agitation they were involved with elsewhere. Roosevelt also does not wish for there to be errors in their favor, however, and asks Moody to look into agitation on their behalf by labor unions, who are unwilling to consider the possible guilt of Moyer or Haywood. Roosevelt highlights some writings of Eugene V. Debs and Thomas W. Rowe which seem to amount “to an incitement to anarchy and chaos.”

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1906-03-26

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

President Roosevelt describes Joseph Bucklin Bishop’s editorial as “admirable” and finds the defense of anarchists by the Evening Post and Shepard Warner to be infamous.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1903-12-05

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

Vice President Roosevelt details his feelings about the attempted assassination of President McKinley. He is confident that the President will recover. Alice and Quentin Roosevelt were both recently admitted to the hospital with different illnesses. Roosevelt had an interesting time on trips to the Midwest and Vermont.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1901-09-09

Creator(s)

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919

Henry E. Huck would send the story regarding the anarchy plot to officials in Ottawa if Arthur B. Heurtley supports him.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1911-05-05

Creator(s)

Huck, Henry E., 1874-1921

Recipient

Heurtley, Arthur B., 1860-1934

Lyman Abbott forwards a letter from A. M. Fairbairn of Mansfield College, Oxford, to President Roosevelt. Abbott also congratulates Roosevelt on his recent message. He says that Roosevelt put forth a comprehensive statement of the steps that must be taken to avoid socialism and industrial despotism on one hand, and individualism and anarchy on the other. In a postscript, Abbott thanks Roosevelt for the book.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1908-12-08

Creator(s)

Abbott, Lyman, 1835-1922

Sheriff Hoolihan informs Minnesota Governor Johnson of the situation in Itasca County. Hoolihan says striking miners from Finland, Austria, Italy, and Montenegro are holding daily meetings “under red flag,” making “anarchistic speeches” in foreign languages, and threatening non-sympathisers and men who want to work with violence.  Hoolihan asks for the governor’s support in suppressing the meetings.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1907-07-30

Creator(s)

Hoolihan, William B. (William Bernard), 1865-1952

Chief of the United States Secret Service John E. Wilkie advises William Loeb that there does not seem to be “any danger to either the President or Secretary Taft from any of the anarchist societies.” The “radical branch” of the Western Federation of Miners must know that any attempt on the life of the president would harm the organization. Wilkie urges that the informant whose charges came to Loeb’s attention be more specific so that the charges can be investigated.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1907-07-23

Creator(s)

Wilkie, John E. (John Elbert), 1860-1934

Ambassador Reid will send President Roosevelt a pamphlet report of his formal address as well as newspaper clippings about a few less formal speeches he recently made. Reid notes that the English newspapers have taken a great interest in the campaign and seem to understand its significance. Reid further provides updates about the internal affairs of the British Foreign Office.

Collection

Library of Congress Manuscript Division

Creation Date

1906-11-06

Creator(s)

Reid, Whitelaw, 1837-1912