A well-dressed, imperious woman is seated in a chair, with her feet on a cushion, holding a scepter and a paper that states, “Fashion’s Decrees for Summer Resorts.” Among the rules are the following: “Ladies must wear at least three costumes a day,” and “Good form requires every lady to have a maid and every gentleman a valet.” After listing the rules, it ends with “Style First, Comfort Afterwards.” On the left are idle workers at an empty “American Summer Hotel,” and on the right, crowds of travelers pass through terminals to board steamships headed “To Europe.” Caption: Dame fashion’s foolish and expensive rules are responsible for the increasing exodus to Europe and the empty summer hotels in America.

Collection

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs

Creation Date

1895-07-17

Creator(s)

Ehrhart, S. D. (Samuel D.), approximately 1862-1937

Language

English

Period

NYC Police Commissioner (May 1895-March 1897)

Repository

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division

Page Count

1

Record Type

Image

Resource Type

Cartoon

Rights

These images are presented through a cooperative effort between the Library of Congress and Dickinson State University. No known restrictions on publication.

Citation

Cite this Record

Chicago:

Cause and effect. [July 17, 1895]. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs.
https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/digital-library/o289240. Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library. Dickinson State University.

MLA:

Ehrhart, S. D. (Samuel D.), approximately 1862-1937. Cause and effect. [17 Jul. 1895]. Image.
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs. Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library. Dickinson State University. August 3, 2026. https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/digital-library/o289240.

APA:

Ehrhart, S. D. (Samuel D.), approximately 1862-1937., [1895, July 17]. Cause and effect.
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs. Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library. Dickinson State University.
Retrieved from https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/digital-library/o289240.

Cite this Collection

Chicago:

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs. https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/collection/library-of-congress-prints-and-photographs. Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library. Dickinson State University.

MLA:

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs. Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library. Dickinson State University. August 3, 2026. https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/collection/library-of-congress-prints-and-photographs.

APA:

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs. Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library. Dickinson State University. Retrieved from https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/collection/library-of-congress-prints-and-photographs.